Original Article
KEY WORDS: Leaching, Aligners, Biocompatibility, Polymers, Toxicity.
Year : 2025 | Volume : 16 | Issue : 2 | Page : 1-10
Comparative Analysis Of Polymer Leaching From Different Clear Aligners Materials– An In-Vitro Study
Xavier Dhayananth1, Mohamed Nizamuddeen 2, Nitish T N 2, Shahul Hameed Faizee 1, Hemamalini D3, Jyosthna A3
1-Professor, 2-Intern, 3-Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sathyabama Dental College & Hospital, Chennai, India
Address for Correspondence:
Dr Xavier Dhayananth
Professor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics
Sathyabama Dental College & Hospital,
Chennai, India
E-mail: drxavy@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
AIM: To assess and compare the polymer leaching of various clear aligner materials in an in vitro environment.
METHODS: An in vitro study was conducted on four groups of commercially available clear aligner materials: SmartTrack™, PET-G, Polyurethane, and Photopolymer (n = 5 samples per group). Each material was pulverized using an acrylic bur and immersed in two concentrations of potassium permanganate (KMnO₄): concentrated (0.01 M) and diluted (0.005 M). Polymer leaching was quantified by measuring absorbance using a colorimeter at 525 nm after 24 hours. The outcome parameter assessed was the mean absorbance value (AU), indicating the extent of leaching. Intergroup comparisons were performed using ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey’s test.
RESULTS: All materials exhibited measurable leaching. In concentrated KMnO₄, SmartTrack showed the least leaching (mean absorbance: 0.078 ± 0.005 AU), significantly lower than PET-G (0.154 ± 0.008 AU, p < 0.001). In diluted KMnO₄, Photopolymer showed the least leaching (0.065 ± 0.006 AU), also significantly lower than PET-G (0.139 ± 0.007 AU, p < 0.001). PET-G consistently exhibited the highest leaching in both solutions (p < 0.001 across comparisons).
CONCLUSION: Clear aligner materials differ significantly in their polymer leaching potential. SmartTrack and Photopolymer materials demonstrated superior leaching resistance compared to PET-G. Material selection plays a critical role in minimizing polymer release and ensuring biocompatibility.
KEY WORDS: Leaching, Aligners, Biocompatibility, Polymers, Toxicity.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
SOURCE OF FUNDING
This research received no external funding.
How to cite this article: Xavier Dhayananth, Mohamed Nizamuddeen, Nitish T N, Shahul Hameed Faizee, Hemamalini D, Jyosthna A. Comparative Analysis Of Polymer Leaching From Different Clear Aligners Materials– An In-Vitro Study. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2025; 16 (2): 1-10.
Original Research
Keywords:
Survey, Non dental professional, Orthodontist, Orthodontic postgraduate, Photographs, Facial asymmetry, Nasolabial angle, Smile, Vertical facial height, Profile.
Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 3 | Page : 62-82
Assessment of Facial Esthetics among Non Dental Professionals, Orthodontists And Orthodontic Postgraduates : A Cross Sectional Study
T D Vaibhav1, K.M. Shahul Hameed Faizee2, A. Jyosthna3, L. Xavier Dhayananth2, Sukanya Ranganathan4
1-Postgraduate Resident, 2-Professor, 3-Senior Lecturer, 4-Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Chennai
Address for Correspondence:
Dr. Vaibhav TD,
Postgraduate Resident, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Chennai.
Email: vaibs1998@gmail.com
Abstract
Background: The aim of the present survey is to understand the subjective preference of non-dental professionals (NDP’s) with five parameters which can be modified by an orthodontist and compare it with the perception of orthodontists and orthodontic postgraduates. Four standard photographs of facial esthetics of 2 young woman were digitally modified using software and divided into 5 parameters (Asymmetry, nasolabial angle, smile, vertical facial height, profile). NDP’s differ from the subjective preference of orthodontist and postgraduates respectively.
Methods: A picture-based questionnaire survey edited in Adobe software was conducted for all the groups using google forms. Survey rendered 418 responses overall. The overall statistics was done using SPSS 22.0 version.
Results: NDP’s prefer 0 mm of facial asymmetry, 80° nasolabial angle, 0 and 2 mm of gingival exposure during smile, 1:1.14 ratio of middle to lower 1/3rd, 10° of convexity angle.
Conclusion: NDP’s, orthodontist and orthodontic postgraduates differ in their perception of facial esthetics.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
FUNDING
This study received no external funding.
How to Cite this Article: Vaibhav TD, Shahul Hameed Faizee, A. Jyosthna, Xavier Dhayananth Lawrence, & R. Sukanya. (2024). Assessment of Facial Esthetics among Non Dental Professionals, Orthodontists And Orthodontic Postgraduates : A Cross Sectional Study: Original Research. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(3), 62–82. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i3.1117
Original Research
KEY WORDS: Orthodontics, Band Cement, Banding, White Spot Lesions, Dental materials, Nanoparticles; Gold; Copper; Zirconia, Glass ionomer cement, antimicrobial activity.
Year : 2023 | Volume : 14 | Issue : 4 | Page : 8-18
Evaluation Of Antimicrobial Effects Of Orthodontic Band Cement Incorporated With Zirconia, Gold, Copper Biosynthesized Nanoparticles- An In-Vitro Study
Shahul Hameed Faizee 1 , Pavithra.M 2 , Palivela.M2 , Hemamalini.D3
1 Professor and Head, 2 House Surgeon, 3 Assistant Professor, Dept of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Address for Correspondence:
Dr. Shahul Hameed Faizee
Professor and Head, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospitals. Phone: +91 9840728786
Email: sfaizee@hotmail.com
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the antimicrobial effects of orthodontic band cement incorporated with various biosynthesized nanoparticles.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Zirconia, gold, copper Nanoparticles were green synthesized using white tea extract and dry ginger which are incorporated into orthodontic band cement, characterized using FTIR analysis. Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus was tested in vitro by disc diffusion and Time Kill Curve Assay.
RESULTS:
Zirconia nanoparticles incorporated GIC exhibited better antimicrobial activity against streptococcus mutans, and gold nanoparticles incorporated GIC against lactobacillus acidophilus at varying concentrations at different time period.
CONCLUSION:
The antibacterial effect against streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus acidophilus were distinctly noted in Zirconia nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles followed by copper nanoparticles. Zirconia and gold nanoparticles produced more efficient antibacterial property and eventually would be effective in curtailing White Spot Lesions.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
There is nothing to declare.
SOURCE OF FUNDING:
Nil
How to Cite this article: Faizee, S. H., M, P., Manvitha, P., & D, H. (2024). Evaluation Of Antimicrobial Effects Of Orthodontic Band Cement Incorporated With Zirconia, Gold, Copper Biosynthesized Nanoparticles- An In-Vitro Study: Original Research. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 14(4), 8–18. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v14i4.910