Review Article

Year : 2025 | Volume : 16 | Issue : 4 | Page : 63-76

Comparison of Efficacy between Tooth Borne and Bone Borne Mini Implant Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion with Conventional Palatal Expansion – A Systematic Review

Anjusha Divakar1, Ashwin Mathew George2, Prasanna Arvind T.R.3, Deepika Katyal4

1-Post Graduate Resident, 2-Professor, 3-Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai-77, India, 4-Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai-77, India

Address for Correspondence:

Dr.Ashwin Mathew George

Professor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics

Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals

SIMATS University

Email: ashwin.george10@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background: Transverse maxillary discrepancies often develop due to altered skeletal growth patterns influenced by prolonged oral habits and impaired orofacial muscle function. Traditional methods like Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME) and Slow Maxillary Expansion (SME), have been widely used, particularly in younger patients. MARPE is a minimally invasive, micro-implant–supported expansion technique designed to achieve skeletal maxillary widening in adolescents and adults. The objective of this review was to critically appraise and synthesize the evidence comparing mini-screw–assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) with conventional rapid palatal expansion (RPE) in terms of skeletal expansion, dentoalveolar changes, and periodontal effects.

Materials and Methods: Electronic and manual searches were performed based on predefined PICO eligibility parameters. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROB-2 tool for randomized controlled trials and the ROBINS-I tool for non-randomized studies. The evidence was then synthesized narratively to evaluate skeletal, dentoalveolar, and periodontal outcomes.

Results: Six studies were included, most with low to moderate risk of bias. MARPE showed higher skeletal effectiveness, with midpalatal suture opening rates of 84–100% and consistently greater increases in nasal width compared with conventional RPE. Dentoalveolar changes were smaller with MARPE, with molar inclination ranging from 1.3° lingual to 3.9° buccal, lower than in tooth-borne expanders. Periodontal findings also favored MARPE, with studies reporting less buccal bone and alveolar height loss, indicating improved preservation of supporting structures.

Conclusion: The review indicates that MARPE is an effective non-surgical option for maxillary expansion in late adolescents, offering greater skeletal expansion with fewer dentoalveolar and periodontal side effects than conventional expanders. However, the predominance of studies with moderate risk of bias underscores the need for higher-quality research to confirm these findings.
Keywords: MARPE, Rapid Palatal Expansion, Maxillary Constriction, Skeletal Expansion, Dentoalveolar Effects, Systematic Review

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors have no conflict of interests to declare.

FUNDING

Nil.

How to cite this article: Anjusha Divakar, Ashwin Mathew George, Prasanna Arvind T.R., Deepika Katyal. Comparison of Efficacy between Tooth Borne and Bone Borne Mini Implant Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion with Conventional Palatal Expansion – A Systematic Review. Int J OrthodRehabil 2025; 16 (4): 63-76.

Original Research

Year : 2023 | Volume : 14 | Issue : 3 | Page : 40-55

MicroRNA regulators of candidate genes involved in Class II skeletal malocclusion - A data mining approach.

Ashwin Mathew George 1, Anitha P2, Sumathi Felicita A3, Vijayashree Priyadarshini J4, Prasanna Arvind T.R.5 2, 4 Professor, Clinical Genetics Lab, Saveetha Dental College, SIMATS, Saveetha University. 1,3 Professor, 5 Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College, SIMATS, Saveetha University.

Address for Correspondence:

Jayaseelan Vijayashree Priyadarshini,

Professor, Clinical Genetics Lab, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, SIMATS University

Email id: vijayashreej.sdc@saveetha.com

Abstract

Background:

Epigenetic regulators play a vital role in determining a complex phenotype. The Skeletal Class II malocclusion is one such phenotype, which is a polygenic, complex disorder. The identification of epigenetic regulators would aid in understanding the complex relationship between the epigenetic marks and the phenotype. Also, these epigenetic marks can be considered for developing diagnostic leads upon validation for a specific disorder.

Materials and methods:

The present study follows an observational study design, which was performed using computational tools. The preliminary data about the genes associated with the Skeletal class II malocclusion was derived from DisGeNet, followed by the identification of the protein-protein interaction networks. The microRNA targets were then identified using miRDB and the unique microRNA population common to all five genes was further curated using the Venn plot.

Results:

The DisGeNet database provided information on the genes that were associated with skeletal Class II malocclusion. The five genes identified were ACTN3, GH1, HDAC4, HMGA2 and KAT6B. One microRNA, hsa-miR-892c-5p was unique to ACTN3, HDAC4, and HMGA2. The hsa-miR-3925-5p and hsa-miR-590-3p were found to be common to the genes ACTN3, HDAC4, and GH1 + HMGA2 respectively.

Discussion:

The identification of microRNAs targeting candidate genes could aid in defining the role of these microRNAs in establishing the phenotype. The future scope of this study lies in curating microRNAs that are common to class II malocclusion-related candidate genes. This panel of differentially expressed microRNAs can further be developed as an early diagnostic marker, for identifying the skeletal abnormality that they would be possibly associated with.

Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Funding

No funding was received for the study.

How to Cite this article: George, A. M., Anitha P, A, S. F., Vijayashree Priyadarshini J, & Prasanna Arvind T.R. (2023). MicroRNA regulators of candidate genes involved in Class II skeletal malocclusion - A data mining approach.: Original Research. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 14(3), 40–55. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v14i3.904

Review Article

Year : 2023 | Volume : 14 | Issue : 1 | Page : 36-43

ACTN3 gene variations in various Ethnic populations and its association with Skeletal Malocclusion – A Literature Review

Ashwin Mathew George1, Nagachandran K.S.2 , Sumathi Felicita.A3 , Vijayashree Priyadarshini. J4 , Anitha. P5

1,2,3 Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, 4 Associate Professor, 5 Research Scholar, Clinical Genetics Lab, Centre for Cellular and Molecular research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital

Address for Correspondence:

Nagachandran K.S., MDS

Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, TamilNadu, India

Email: orthodrnaga21@gmail.com Phone: +91-9884152660

Abstract:

Genetic etiology of Skeletal Malocclusion has been explored extensively over recent years with the advent of advances in molecular technologies. Studies have reported that the masticatory muscles regulate skeletal development and few recent works of literature report that the muscle growth regulators influence the facial proportions in sagittal and vertical dimensions in Skeletal Class II malocclusion. This review is a humble attempt to highlight the role of one such muscle gene known as ACTN3 and its association with Skeletal Class II malocclusion.

Keywords: Genetics, ACTN3 gene, polymorphism, masseter muscle, facial height, malocclusion

Source of Funding:

Nil.

Conflict of Interest:

The authors have no conflict of interests to declare

How to cite this article: Ashwin Mathew George, Nagachandran.K.S, Sumathi Felicita.A, Vijayashree Priyadarshini.J, & Anitha.P. (2023). ACTN3 gene variations in various Ethnic populations and its association with Malocclusion – A Literature Review: Review Article. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 14(1), 36–43. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v14i1.718