Review Article

Year : 2025 | Volume : 9 | Issue : 1 | Page : 6-29

Autogenous Grafts and Modern Surgical Strategies in Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis: Preventing Recurrence and Restoring Function

Savitha Lakshmi Raghavan -1, Jayasrikrupaa -2, Suganya P- 3, Ramya Chandrasekaran -4, Ramu Shohana -5

1 - Postgraduate, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dental

Science and Research Centre Bhopal, Ahmedabad.

2 - Postgraduate, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dental

Science and Research Centre Bhopal, Ahmedabad.

3 - Postgraduate, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dental

Science and Research Centre Bhopal, Ahmedabad.

4 - Postgraduate, Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narsinhbhai Patel Dental

College.

5 - Postgraduate, Dr. M K Shah Medical College & Research Centre

Address for Correspondence:

Dr. Roocha Shah

Postgraduate, College of dental sciences and research centre,

Bhopal, Ahmedabad.

Email: roochashah6.rs@gmail.com

Abstract

Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint is the fusion between the glenoid fossa and mandibular condyle. It can be classified into true ankylosis (intracapsular) and pseudo-ankylosis (extracapsular). TMJ ankylosis is most commonly caused by trauma and certain infections in children of young age. The key clinical characteristics of TMJ ankylosis include gradual restriction of mouth opening, dentofacial deformity and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). This syndrome eventually results in dentofacial deformity, malocclusion and cosmetic abnormalities, especially in children. The primary goal of management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis includes the removal of the ankylotic mass, restoring the form and function of the joint, improving mouth opening, relieving the obstruction of the upper airway and preventing of recurrence of ankylosis. It usually involves gap arthroplasty, interpositional arthroplasty and reconstruction of the ramus condyle unit. An ideal method for the reconstruction of the total TMJ, either autogenous or alloplastic material that precisely resembles and restores the form and function of the TMJ. There are numerous autogenous grafts available, each with its own set of advantages and disadvantages. The various autogenous grafts used are ankylosed mass, coronoid, auricular cartilage, costochondral, sternoclavicular, iliac crest, metatarsal and fibula. This article aimed to describe the etiology, clinical features, imaging modalities and different types of management of TMJ ankylosis.

Keywords: Ankylosis, Temporomandibular joint, Dentofacial deformity, Management, Autogenous graft.

Financial support and sponsorship

Self-funded

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts of interest

How to cite this article: Raghavan S et al. Autogenous Grafts and Modern Surgical Strategies in Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis: Preventing Recurrence and Restoring Function -Review -12 months follow-up; Int J Orofac.Biol.2025; 9: 1:6-29. 10.56501/intjorofacbiol.91. ijofb0002.