Volume 2025, 7 pages.
IMMEDIATE VS. DELAYED LOADING FOR ZYGOMATIC IMPLANTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Dr. Prithivi Raaj G1, Mathumitha . S2 ,Dr.Varun Anand3
Address for Correspondence:
Dr. Varun Anand 3
Professor, Department of Prosthodontics & Crown and Bridge
RVS Dental College and Hospital , Sulur , Coimbatore-641 402
Email id : varunanandmds@gmail.com
Abstract
Background: The prosthetic rehabilitation of the severely atrophic maxilla represents a pinnacle challenge in reconstructive implant dentistry. Zygomatic implants (ZIs) have emerged as a revolutionary, graftless alternative by leveraging the dense cortical anchorage of the malar bone. However, the optimal timing for functional stress—immediate versus delayed loading—remains a subject of intense clinical scrutiny.
Objective: To systematically evaluate and compare the long-term clinical survival, prosthetic success, and complication profiles of immediate loading (IL) versus delayed loading (DL) protocols for zygomatic implants.
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive systematic literature search was executed across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria targeted human clinical trials (prospective, retrospective, and cohort studies) reporting on ZIs with a minimum 12-month follow-up. Primary endpoints were Implant Survival Rate (ISR) and frequency of biological complications.
Results: Twenty-two studies were synthesized, representing a transition from early delayed protocols (e.g., Brånemark 1998, 96% survival) to modern immediate loading success (e.g., Maló 2019, 98.2% survival). Immediate loading demonstrated survival rates of 95–98.5%, while delayed loading ranged from 94–97%. Complication rates, including sinusitis and soft tissue recession, showed no statistically significant differences between the two cohorts.
Conclusion: Immediate loading is not only comparable to delayed loading in terms of biological stability but is superior regarding patient-reported quality of life and treatment efficiency. When primary stability exceeds 35-45 Ncm, immediate loading should be considered the primary clinical recommendation.
Keywords: Immediate loading, Dental implants, Implant stability, Osseointegration, Prosthetic loading
Financial support and sponsorship
Nil (Self Funding)
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
How to Cite this article :
Prithivi R., Mathumitha, Varun A. Immediate vs Delayed Loading for Zygomatic Implant: A Systematic Review. Int J Cranio Maxillofac Surg Rehab Volume 2025; 4(1):42-48.
DOI: 10.56501/IntJCranioMaxillofacSurgRehabil.v4.i1.ijcms0061
