Original Article
Volume 2024, 6 pages.
Comparative Evaluation of Interpositional Grafting and Ridge Split Expansion for Alveolar Ridge Augmentation in Dental Implant Surgery: A Prospective Clinical Study
John Rozar Raj1, Aishwarya S2
1 Consultant, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Chennai; 2 Consultant, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chennai.
Address for Correspondence:
Dr. Aishwarya S
Consultant, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Chennai
Email: aishu.maxfax@gmail.com
Abstract
Background: Having enough alveolar ridge dimensions is crucial for successful dental implants and their long-term stability. After losing a tooth, the alveolar bone often shrinks, leading to insufficient width or height for implant placement. Different ridge augmentation procedures have been created to address these challenges. Among these, interpositional grafting (sandwich osteotomy) and ridge split expansion are popular surgical methods to boost alveolar bone volume before placing implants.
Aim: This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of interpositional grafting and ridge split expansion for alveolar ridge augmentation in patients undergoing dental implant surgery.
Methods: A prospective comparative clinical study was conducted with 30 patients who had inadequate alveolar ridge width for implant placement. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups, with 15 patients in each group. Ridge augmentation was performed using interpositional grafting in one group and ridge split expansion in the other. Preoperative and postoperative ridge widths were measured using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Additional factors assessed included ridge width gain, surgical duration, implant stability, postoperative complications, and implant survival rate. Patients were monitored for six months after the surgery.
Results: Both techniques significantly increased alveolar ridge width, allowing for successful implant placement. In Group A, the mean ridge width increased from 3.8 ± 0.6 mm to 6.9 ± 0.7 mm. In Group B, it increased from 3.9 ± 0.5 mm to 6.4 ± 0.6 mm. The surgical time was longer for the interpositional grafting group compared to the ridge split expansion group. The implant survival rates were 93.3% in Group A and 96.6% in Group B. Postoperative complications were minimal in both groups, with no significant difference between them.
Conclusion: Both interpositional grafting and ridge split expansion are effective methods for alveolar ridge augmentation before dental implant placement. Interpositional grafting provides more bone augmentation but takes more time to perform and heal. Ridge split expansion is less invasive and allows for simultaneous implant placement in many cases. Choosing the right technique should depend on the shape of the ridge defect and clinical needs.
Keywords: Dental implants, ridge augmentation, interpositional grafting, ridge split expansion, alveolar ridge deficiency
Financial support and sponsorship
Nil (Self Funding)
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
How to Cite this article :
John Rozar R., Aishwarya S. Comparative Evaluation of Interpositional Grafting and Ridge Split Expansion for Alveolar Ridge Augmentation in Dental Implant Surgery: A Prospective Clinical Study . Int J Cranio Maxillofac Surg Rehab Volume 2024; 3(2): 37-42.
DOI: 10.56501/IntJCranioMaxillofacSurgRehabil.v3.i2.ijcms0062
