Case Series

Year : 2025 | Volume : 16 | Issue : 1 | Page : 1-23

Revision of Lingual Bracket Direct Bonding Clinical Procedures

Viet Anh Nguyen1

 1-Faculty of Dentistry, PHENIKAA University, Yen Nghia, Ha Dong, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam.

Address for Correspondence:

Dr Viet Anh Nguyen

Faculty of Dentistry, PHENIKAA University,

Yen Nghia, Ha Dong, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam,

Email: anh.nguyenviet1@phenikaa-uni.edu.vn

Phone: +84984822484

ABSTRACT

Rationale: Lingual brackets are typically bonded indirectly based on setup models with ideal tooth alignment to overcome the variability in lingual tooth anatomy and difficulties in measuring bracket position. However, direct bonding is the original philosophy of the inventor of lingual orthodontics and is still performed by a minority of lingual orthodontists. This article aims to revise the clinical procedures of direct bonding of lingual brackets and forming of lingual archwires and prove the effectiveness of the direct bonding philosophy through two case reports.

Patient concerns: The patient in Case 1 was a 29-year-old female who presented with moderate crowding and normal inclinations of the maxillary and mandibular incisors. The patient in Case 2 was a 25-year-old female patient who presented with severe crowding and proclined maxillary and mandibular incisors.

Diagnoses: The patient in Case 1 was diagnosed with a half-cusp Class II relationship on a Class I skeletal relationship. The patient in Case 2 was diagnosed with Class I dental and skeletal relationships. Both patients had a normodivergent facial pattern.

Interventions and outcomes: The treatment option in Case 1 was to extract all third molars combined with total distalization of both arches and interproximal stripping. The treatment option in Case 2 was to extract maxillary and mandibular first premolars to create spaces for relieving crowding. The post-treatment records in both cases showed improved smile aesthetics and occlusion.

Conclusions: Direct lingual bracket bonding offers some advantages and disadvantages compared to indirect one. Successful treatment results of two case reports demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the direct lingual bracket bonding approach.

Keywords: Lingual Orthodontics, Mushroom Archwire, Direct Bonding, Lingual Brackets, Offset Bends.

CONFLICTING INTEREST STATEMENT

The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest concerning the research, authorship, or publication of this article.

ETHICS STATEMENT

Informed consent was obtained from the patient, and the patient consented to the publishing of all images and clinical data included in the manuscript.

DATA AVAILABILITY

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this manuscript.

FUNDING STATEMENT

This research received no external funding.

How to cite this article: Viet Anh Nguyen. Revision of Lingual Bracket Direct Bonding Clinical Procedures. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2025; 16 (1) 1-23.

Original Article

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 4 | Page : 42-52

Comparative Outcomes of Arch Widening and Extraction Therapies in Managing Mandibular Arch Crowding: An Orthodontic Perspective

Mohammed Abdulaziz Mohammed Korayem1, Abdulaziz Abdullatif Ibrahim Almulhim2, Abdullah Saeed M Alqahtani3, Alaa Ahmed Kensara4, Saeed Abdullah A Alghamdi3, Waleed Saeed Bakhader5 , Nuha Mohammed Malibari6, Ahmad Abdelaziz Mohammed Essa7, Rajaa AlElshaikh8

1-Assistant Professor of Orthodontics, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia, 2-General Dentist, Saudi Arabia, 3-General Dentist in Ministry of Health, Albaha, Saudi Arabia, 4-Prosthodontist Consultant, King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 5-Consultant Orthodontist, Dr. Suliman Alhabib Hospital, Eastern Area, Saudi Arabia, 6-Family Medicine and Palliative Care Specialist, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 7-Assistant Professor of Oral Pathology, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia, 8-Orthodontic specialty, NYU, Master of Science in Clinical Research, NYU.

Address for Correspondence:

Mohammed Abdulaziz Mohammed Korayem,

Associate Professor of Orthodontics,

Department of Preventive Dental Sciences,, Faculty of Dentistry,

Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia,

mkarim@bu.edu.sa

ABSTRACT

Background: Orthodontic extraction therapy is frequently used to manage mandibular arch crowding. However, its long-term effects on clinical crown length and gingival recession remain unclear, particularly in cases of mild crowding. The present research was design to assess the choice of treatment modality (extraction vs. non-extraction) on the prevalence of labial gingival recession and changes in clinical crown lengths in mandibular anterior teeth.

Methods: A retrospective, longitudinal study was conducted on 70 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment at Albaha University. Patients were divided into extraction (X, n=44) and non-extraction (WE, n=26) groups, ensuring a balanced representation. Inclusion criteria included Angle’s Class I malocclusion with mild to moderate mandibular crowding, and a minimum retention period of three years. Clinical crown lengths were measured with precise digital calipers at three-time points: before treatment (T1), post-debonding (T2), and final retention (T3). Cephalometric analysis was performed with skeletal and dental parameters. Data and the analyzed outcomes were assessed.

Results: Both groups showed a significant increase in clinical crown lengths from T1 to T3 (p < 0.05), with the increase being more pronounced for canines. No statistically significant difference in gingival recession or crown lengthening was observed between the X and WE groups at retention (p = 0.787). Cephalometric variables (D1, D2, and D3) were significantly associated with the extraction decision, particularly at the debonding and retention stages (p < 0.05). However, the vertical cranial morphology did not influence treatment decisions.

Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the development of gingival recession between extraction and non-extraction groups. Extraction therapy was associated with longer treatment duration but did not directly cause increased recession.

Keywords: Orthodontic Extraction, Mandibular anteriors, retention monitoring period, Canine and anterior crown.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

FUNDING

No sources of funding were procured for the study.

How to cite this article: Mohammed Abdulaziz Mohammed Korayem, Abdulaziz Abdullatif Ibrahim Almulhim, Abdullah Saeed M Alqahtani, Alaa Ahmed Kensara, Saeed Abdullah A Alghamdi, Waleed Saeed Bakhader, Nuha Mohammed Malibari, Ahmad Abdelaziz Mohammed Essa,  Rajaa AlElshaikh. Orthodontic Management of an Avulsed Maxillary Canine- A Case Report. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2024; 15 (4) 42-52. Doi: 10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i4.1149

Case Report

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 4 | Page : 33-41

Orthodontic Management of an Avulsed Maxillary Canine- A Case Report

Deepthi Chakrapani1, Haritha Pottipalli Sathyanarayana2, Sridevi Padmanabhan3, Arun B Chitharanjan4

1Private practice, All Smiles Multispecialty Dental Spa, Dubai, 2Associate Professor, 3 Professor, Associate Dean (Research), Department of Orthodontics, Sri Ramachandra Dental College & Hospital, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, India, 4Private Practice, Chennai.

Address for Correspondence:

Haritha Pottipalli Sathyanarayana,

Associate Professor,

Department of Orthodontics, Sri Ramachandra Dental College & Hospital,

Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research,

Porur, Chennai, India

Phone: +914424768027, Extension: 8250

drharithaps@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Avulsion of teeth is an uncommon condition which is usually associated with trauma. Management of an avulsed tooth often presents a challenge to the clinician and treatment planning differs with each situation. Key factor is the immediate management with appropriate protocol which usually results in good prognosis. A 15-year old female patient reported with avulsed 23 during therapeutic extraction of 24. The avulsed 23 was reimplanted in to the socket followed by splinting. Patient was treated with conventional fixed appliance and all the treatment objectives were achieved. This case report highlights the successful management of an avulsed maxillary canine during therapeutic extraction of maxillary first premolar with 3 years follow up after debonding.

Keywords: Avulsion, Maxillary canine, Replantation, orthodontic treatment, fixed appliance.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

SOURCE OF FUNDING

No source of funding was procured for the study.

How to cite this article: Deepthi Chakrapani, Haritha Pottipalli Sathyanarayana, Sridevi Padmanabhan, Arun B Chitharanjan. Orthodontic Management of an Avulsed Maxillary Canine- A Case Report. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2024; 15 (4) 33-41. Doi: 10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i4.1179

Review Article

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 4 | Page : 22-32

Comparison of Memotain Retainers to Conventional Fixed Retainers: A Systematic Review

Vikrant Lambate 1, Priya Manimegalan 2, M. Gunasekaran 3, Arul Prakash Kaveri 3, Shekhar K. Asarsa 4, Sharath Kasturi 5

1Postgraduate Resident, Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Mahatma Gandhi Missions (MGM) Dental College and Hospital, Kamothe, Navi Mumbai, 2Consultant Orthodontist, Private Practitioner, Bangalore, 3Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (DU), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India, 4Tutor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Siddhpur Dental College And Hospital, Dethali, Patan, Gujarat, 5Consultant Orthodontist, Private Practitioner, Nellore.

Address for Correspondence:

Dr Vikrant Lambate,

Postgraduate Resident, Department of Orthodontics,

Mahatma Gandhi Missions (MGM) Dental College and Hospital

Kamothe, Navi Mumbai, Indian

Email: vikrantlambate@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Objective: This systematic review assesses and compares the use of fixed retainers manufactured by CAD CAM and conventional methods in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.

Methodology: Data from the selected studies were collected using customised data collection forms. Primary analysis involved assessing the stability of orthodontic treatment over time through measurements taken from dental casts and assessing the impact on periodontal health. Secondary aspects involved an evaluation of the rates at which retainers failed and gathered valuable insights from outcomes reported by patients.

Results: Seven randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included involving 601 participants. During the initial 6 months, no notable variations in the distance between canine teeth or the length of the dental arch were noted when comparing CAD/CAM retainers with conventional retainers. Nevertheless, it's noteworthy that CAD/CAM retainers exhibited superior performance compared to stainless steel retainers (single strand). Significant differences in Little's irregularity index, was evident at 3-month and 6-month intervals. Distinctions with limited clinical significance were noted in multi-stranded stainless-steel retainers at 6-month follow-up assessment. Regarding oral health aspects, CAD/CAM retainers displayed lower plaque index scores compared to traditional retainers. In terms of durability, most retainers demonstrated comparable failure rates. In one study, CAD/CAM retainers were associated with a greater rate of failure, which resulted in the premature termination of that specific study.

Conclusion: CAD/CAM fixed retainers offer a promising alternative to traditional options and may promote better periodontal health due to lower plaque index scores. Nevertheless, to assess their effectiveness and long-term durability, more studies are needed, particularly regarding failure rates. In the absence of comprehensive evidence, the utilisation of customisation of CAD/CAM retainers is advisable for individual clinical cases.

Keywords: Orthodontic retainers; Computer-aided design; Computer-aided manufacturing; Retention

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

SOURCE OF FUNDING

No source of funding was procured for the study.

How to cite this article: Vikrant Lambate, Priya Manimegalan, M. Gunasekaran, Arul Prakash Kaveri, Shekhar K. Asarsa, Sharath Kasturi. Comparison of Memotain Retainers to Conventional Fixed Retainers: A Systematic Review. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2024; 15 (4) 22-32. Doi: 10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i4.1160.

Original Research

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 4 | Page : 8-20

Comparative Evaluation of Wear Resistance and Colour Stability of Three Different Oral Mucosal Protectors - An In Vitro Study

Nisshitha Rao Setvaji1, Nivethigaa B2, Navaneethan R3

1-Post GraduateResident, 2-Associate Professor, 3-Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai-600077, India.

Address for Correspondence:

Dr Nivethigaa B,

Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India.

Email:nivethigaab.sdc@saveetha.com

Abstract

Background: With increase in demand of patient acceptability and comfort, light cured temporary oral mucosal protectors such as Muco Soft LC (Anabond) and Soft Flow (Dentos) have been recently developed to prevent mucosal injury during orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the wear loss due to friction over a period of time and colour stability of three oral mucosal protectors: Muco Soft LC (MS), Soft Flow (SF) and Flowable composite (FC).

Methodology: Three groups having 10 samples each were subjected to a toothbrushing simulator and pre and post weights were measured to evaluate wear. Five samples from each group were immersed in either artificial saliva or mouthwash for 24 hours. Colour change was evaluated using a spectrophotometer.

Results: A significant difference in material loss seen in MS (P = 0.000) and SF (P = 0.005). FC showed the least material loss followed by MS and SF. MS was dislodged from the wire post toothbrushing simulation. The calculated mean colour change values (ΔE) revealed that FC had the least colour change followed by SF and MS.

Conclusion: Least wear loss was observed with flowable composite. Artificial saliva showed greater colour change in Muco Soft LC and flowable composite whereas mouthwash produced a greater colour change in Soft Flow.

FUNDING

Self-funded study.

AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS

Study conception and design: Nivethigaa B.; Data collection, analysis,and interpretation of results: Nisshitha Rao Setvaji; Draft manuscript preparation: Nisshitha Rao Setvaji, Nivethigaa B.; Revision of manuscript: Navaneethan R.

FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE STATEMENT

The authors declare there are no competing interests to declare.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

How to Cite this Article: Setvaji, N. R., B, N., & R, N. (2024). Comparative Evaluation of Wear Resistance and Colour Stability of Three Different Oral Mucosal Protectors - An In Vitro Study: Original Research. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(4), 8–20. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i4.1119

Original Research

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 4 | Page : 1-7

Outcome Quality and Treatment Efficacy of Early Class II elastics compared to Late Class II elastics: A Retrospective Clinical Investigation

Babak Sayahpour1, Sara Eslami1, Robert Guderian2, Stefan Kopp1, Jakob Stuhlfelder1, Nicolas Plein1, Vincenzo Grassia2, Ludovica Nucci2

1-Department of Orthodontics, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596, Frankfurt, Germany, 2-Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.

Address for Correspondence:

Dr Ludovica Nucci,

Associate Professor of Orthodontics, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Specialties,University of Campania, Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy

Email:ludovica.nucci@unicampania.net

Abstract

Introduction: Class II elastics are widely used treatment modalities in correction of class II malocclusion. Class II elastics are traditionally used in combination with multibracket appliances after completion of the initial leveling phase.  The use of early short and light class II elastics on initial leveling wires has been advocated to reduce the treatment time and increase the treatment efficiency. However, there is a lack of sufficient evidence in the literature. Therefore, the aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the outcome quality and treatment efficiency of early class II elastics compared to late class II elastics using the PAR index.

Materials and Methods: Patient records from September 2005 until April 2017 in the archive of the university of Frankfurt have been sighted to generate data for this retrospective study. Patients with class II malocclusion undergoing a treatment with multibracket appliance after their peak of growth were included in the study. 16 Patients were included in the group IEA (early class II elastics) and 21 were allocated to the group IEL (late class II elastics). The peer assessment rating index (PAR) was used to assess the treatment outcome in each group.

Results: Both early and late class II elastics showed great improvement of the occlusal traits in the patients. However, the treatment duration was significantly shorter in group IEA, showing the higher efficiency of early class II elastics.

Conclusion: Incorporation of early class II elastics on the initial leveling arch wires can increase the treatment efficiency without compromising the occlusal outcome of the treatment. The authors recommend the use of short and light elastics in the initial stages of the treatment. Since early class II elastics were first described scientifically in our study, further studies and especially prospective ones should be performed.

SOURCE OF FUNDING

No funding was received for the study.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

How to Cite this Article: Sayahpour, B., Eslami, S., Guderian, R., Kopp, S., Stuhlfelder, J., Plein, N., Grassia, V., & Nucci, L. (2024). Outcome Quality and Treatment Efficacy of Early Class II elastics compared to Late Class II elastics: A Retrospective Clinical Investigation: Original Research. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(4), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i4.1068

Original Research

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 3 | Page : 62-82

Assessment of Facial Esthetics among Non Dental Professionals, Orthodontists And Orthodontic Postgraduates : A Cross Sectional Study

T D Vaibhav1, K.M. Shahul Hameed Faizee2, A. Jyosthna3, L. Xavier Dhayananth2, Sukanya Ranganathan4

1-Postgraduate Resident, 2-Professor, 3-Senior Lecturer, 4-Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Chennai

Address for Correspondence:

Dr. Vaibhav TD,

Postgraduate Resident, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Chennai.

Email: vaibs1998@gmail.com

Abstract

Background: The aim of the present survey is to understand the subjective preference of non-dental professionals (NDP’s) with five parameters which can be modified by an orthodontist and compare it with the perception of orthodontists and orthodontic postgraduates. Four standard photographs of facial esthetics of 2 young woman were digitally modified using software and divided into 5 parameters (Asymmetry, nasolabial angle, smile, vertical facial height, profile). NDP’s differ from the subjective preference of orthodontist and postgraduates respectively.

Methods: A picture-based questionnaire survey edited in Adobe software was conducted for all the groups using google forms. Survey rendered 418 responses overall. The overall statistics was done using SPSS 22.0 version.

Results: NDP’s prefer 0 mm of facial asymmetry, 80° nasolabial angle, 0 and 2 mm of gingival exposure during smile, 1:1.14 ratio of middle to lower 1/3rd, 10° of convexity angle.

Conclusion: NDP’s, orthodontist and orthodontic postgraduates differ in their perception of facial esthetics.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

FUNDING

This study received no external funding.

How to Cite this Article: Vaibhav TD, Shahul Hameed Faizee, A. Jyosthna, Xavier Dhayananth Lawrence, & R. Sukanya. (2024). Assessment of Facial Esthetics among Non Dental Professionals, Orthodontists And Orthodontic Postgraduates : A Cross Sectional Study: Original Research. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(3), 62–82. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i3.1117

Case Report

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 3 | Page : 46-61

Bimaxillary Molar Distalization Using Clear Aligners To Correct Severe Crowding Without Temporary Anchorage Devices

Kun Li1, Peng Sun2, Hui Li2, Deming Yu1

1-Fushan Division, 2-Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Yantai Stomatological Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China.

Address for Correspondence:

Dr. Deming Yu,

Associate Professor, Fushan Division, The Affiliated Yantai Stomatological Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China.

Email: 15064500100@163.com

Abstract

The use of clear aligners for molar distalization has been a hot topic in recent years. However, cases of bimaxillary molar distalization without temporary anchorage devices (TADs) are rarely reported. Dental crowding, one of the most common malocclusions in the Asian population, was often corrected by tooth extraction strategies in the past. Currently, in the application of molar distalization with clear aligners by orthodontic professionals, it becomes feasible to circumvent the necessity for tooth extraction or TADs in numerous cases that initially present as markedly crowded. A 29-year-old female sought treatment for dental crowding. Subsequent examination revealed that her upper dentition was moderately crowded, while the lower dentition exhibited severe crowding. The patient declined the extraction treatment option and requested clear aligners based on consideration of esthetics during orthodontic treatment. Drawing from the patient's chief complaint and specific requirements, an orthodontic procedure of bimaxillary molar distalization was implemented. Following the completion of clear aligner treatment, the patient achieved well-aligned teeth and a captivating smile, radiating enhanced esthetics. The satisfactory treatment outcomes confirmed the efficacy of clear aligners for molar distalization. With a well-considered anchorage plan, clear aligners can successfully achieve bimaxillary molar distalization without the necessity of TADs.

ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE

The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Yantai Stomatological Hospital and accepted by the patient. Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and accompanying images.

AVAILABILITY OF DATA AND MATERIALS

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

FUNDING

This study received no external funding.

AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS

Concept: Kun Li, Peng Sun, Deming Yu.Design: Deming Yu.

Data acquisition: Kun Li, Hui Li.Data analysis: Kun Li, Hui Li.

Literature search: Kun Li, Peng Sun, Deming Yu.

Manuscript preparation: Kun Li.Manuscript editing and review: Peng Sun, Deming Yu.

The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, and each author believes that the manuscript represents honest work. The requirements for authorship as stated in Authorship Criteria have been met.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors would like to thank all professionals who participated in the management of this case.

How to Cite this Article: Li, K., Sun, P., Li, H., & Yu, D. (2024). Bimaxillary Molar Distalization Using Clear Aligners To Correct Severe Crowding Without Temporary Anchorage Devices: Case Report. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(3), 46–61. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i3.1134

Original Research

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 3 | Page : 35-45

Comparison of Clinical Efficiency between Super Elastic Nickel Titanium (SE NiTi) and Copper Nickel Titanium (Cu NiTi) Archwires during Alignment Phase of Orthodontic Treatment

Protas John Msungu1, Ferdinand Mabula Machibya2, Matilda Mtaya Mlangwa2

1-MDent Resident, 2-PhD, Senior Lecturer, Orthodontic unit, Department of Orthodontics, Pedodontics and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health, and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Tanzania.

Address for Correspondence:

Dr. Ferdinand Mabula Machibya,

United Nations Road, Upanga Magharibi, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dares Salaam, Tanzania.

Email: frmachibya@yahoo.com

Mobile:+255764982522

Abstract

Introduction: The transformation of the Metallurgy industry over the years has brought outstanding improvement in Nickel Titanium (NiTi) alloy, resulting into orthodontic NiTi archwires with improved properties, which are routinely employed during the initial phase of orthodontic treatment. Nevertheless, the clinical superiority between the second and third generation of NiTi arch-wires; the Super Elastic NiTi (SE NiTi) and Copper NiTi (Cu NiTi) archwires respectively has not been studied in the Tanzanian population. Hence, this study aimed to compare the clinical efficiency of Super Elastic NiTi (SE NiTi) and Copper NiTi (Cu NiTi) arch-wires during the alignment phase of orthodontic treatment.

Material and Methods: A total of 82 patients with an irregularity index of >2 mm on the mandibular anterior site were randomly allocated to one of the two treatment groups, group 1 (0.014-in SE NiTi) and group 2 (0.014-in Cu NiTi). Randomization was accomplished by random number generation via Microsoft Excel, participants were randomly assigned equally into respective groups. The arch-wire types were labeled and placed in sequentially numbered opaque sealed envelopes for participant allocation. Blinding to group assignment was applied to the participant and during outcome assessment. Data were analyzed by SPSS Statistics version 25 with a p-value set at <0.05.

Results: A total of 153 potential participants were evaluated for eligibility. 67 of those were excluded. Therefore 86 patients were randomly allocated to either the study control group (group 1, n=43) or intervention (group 2, n=43). The number of participants analyzed were n=42 in group 1 and n=42 in the control group. The Little's irregularity index significantly decreased over time in both groups (p<0.001), however, there was no statistically significant difference between the two arch-wires types in their efficiency on teeth alignment (p = 0.435) and arch width expansion (p>0.05).

Conclusion: There was no significant difference between SE NiTi and Cu NiTi in alignment efficiency and arch width changes. There was no statistically significant inter-canine arch width change in the Cu NiTi group.

CONFLICT OF INTERESTS

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

FUNDING

The present study did not receive funding.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors wish to acknowledge and thank Dr Joyce Masalu for her assistance in the research methodology and data analysis.

How to Cite this Article: Msungu, P. J., Machibya, F., & Mlangwa, M. M. (2024). Comparison of Clinical Efficiency between Super Elastic Nickel Titanium (SE NiTi) and Copper Nickel Titanium (Cu NiTi) Archwires during Alignment Phase of Orthodontic Treatment: Original Research. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(3), 35–45. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i3.1059

Case Report

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 3 | Page : 12-34

MH Setup Technique, A Manually Customized Bracket-Setup, applied in Fully-treated Class II molar-relationship case

Hasan Sabah HasanAl-Nuaimi1, Mohamed Elkolaly2

1-Department of Pediatrics Dentistry & Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia2Orthodontic Department, Royal Dental Center, Alexandria-Egypt.

Address for Correspondence:

Dr. Hasan Sabah Hasan Al-Nuaimi

Department of Pediatrics Dentistry & Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 50603.

Email: hsh.ortho@yahoo.com

Abstract

The case published in this paper provides a clinical explanation for the importance of MH setup. The casts were cut and teeth were set into wax rims using brackets fit on full engagement archwires. Then another set of brackets was set over the teeth after the necessary adjustments with another full engagement archwires using composite as custom-made bases. The final brackets were transferred to the patient using vacuum-formed indirect transfer trays and the treatment was commenced. The final results were ideal with a total treatment time of one year in an extraction case. The finishing phase was only one month with settling elastics without the need for any brackets modifications despite the class II full unit molar relationship.

DECLARATION OF PATIENT’S CONSENT

The authors declare that they got all the necessary consents from the patient for treatment and publishing.

FINANCIAL SUPPORT AND SPONSORSHIP

Nil.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

There are no conflicts of interest

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors would like to thank the patient for the contribution to this paper and for providing the consent for publishing.

FUNDING STATMENT

There has been no funding received for this study.

How to Cite this Article: Al-Nuaimi, H., & Elkolaly, M. (2024). MH Setup Technique, A Manually Customized Bracket-Setup, applied in Fully-treated Class II molar-relationship case: Case Report. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(3), 12–34. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i3.1082

Original Research

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 3 | Page : 1-11

Changes in Oral Health-related Quality of Life before and after Orthognathic Surgery and Predictors of Outcome

Shoroog Hassan Agou1

1-Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Address for Correspondence:

Dr Shoroog Hassan Agou

BDS, MScCH (HPTE), MEd(c), PhD, Associate Professor of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University Al Ehtifalat St, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.

Email: sagou@kau.edu.sa

PhoneNo:+(966)557505450

Abstract

Aim: There is good evidence that orthognathic surgery improves quality of life (QoL), but it is uncertain whether QoL outcomes differ for patients with different dentofacial deformities. The aim of this study was to (i) assess changes in QoL before and after orthognathic surgery; (ii) compare QoL between deformity classes; and (iii) establish predictors of QoL

Methods: This was a prospective, longitudinal, observations study of adult patients seeking orthognathic treatment. Patients were classified into class II or class III dentofacial deformities. The paired t-test was used to compare Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ) scores before and after surgery, and multivariable linear regression was used to identify predictors of post-operative OQLQ score. 

Results: Of the 50 participants, 36 (72%) were female, and the average age was 29.9 ± 4.2 years. Overall and domain OQLQ scores were significantly lower after surgery (p < 0.0001). The mean change in QoL score was significantly greater for class II patients (p = 0.003). Age and baseline OQLQ score were significantly associated with post-operative OQLQ score.

Conclusions: This study confirms that orthognathic surgery has a very positive impact on QoL. The finding that age and baseline QoL predict subsequent QoL outcomes paves the way for targeted interventions in specific patients.

SOURCES OF FUNDING

Nil.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

Theauthordeclaresthattherearenoconflicts of interest.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The author would like to thank the interns who helped collecting data for this study; namely: AbdurahmanIdrees, Moayad Alhowaidar, Ayman Sinnawi, Abdulla Joharji, Maisa Marghalani, and Lujain Mirdad. Sincere appreciation is also extended to Prof.Fahad Al-Sulaimani for his great support during this project.

AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS

SHA conceived and conducted the study, analyzed the data, and wrote the paper.

How to Cite this Article: Agou, S. H. (2024). Changes in Oral Health-related Quality of Life before and after Orthognathic Surgery and Predictors of Outcome: Original Research. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(3), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i3.1038

Original Research

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 2 | Page : 37-47

Comparison Of Prescription Accuracy Of Commercially Available Molar Tubes Using A Custom Made Device - An Invitro Study

Swati Singh1, Arya S Prasad1

1-Post Graduate, 2-Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, 600077, India.

Address for Correspondence:

DrArya S Prasad Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai

Email:aryasprasad7@gmail.com

Phone No:+919003142666

Abstract

Objective : The aim of this in vitro study was to verify the accuracy of torque prescription in the buccal tubes of three commercially available molar bands using Play and Torque Measuring device and to quantify the amount of torsional play present in them.

Materials and Methods: A total of thirty preformed bands with 0.022 slot and McLaughlin-Bennett-Trevisi prescription were selected equally from three different brands for this cross-sectional in-vitro analytical study. The torsional play and torque of the molar bands were measured using the PTM device. The play and torque values obtained using the PTM device were used to calculate the play and torque using a formula. The play and torque values were measured for all the three groups. The mean values of play and torque obtained between three groups were measured using  One-way ANOVA.

Results: All three groups had variations in the torque and play that were above the standard torque and play values. There was a statistically significant difference in the play and torque values between all the groups  evaluated.

Conclusions : Orthodontists should be aware of the inherent manufacturing defects in the bands as this can prevent the achievement of ideal treatment results. This simple method can help us in determining the torque and play of the molar bands giving us better control over treatment mechanics.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

None.

SOURCE OF FUNDING

No external source offending was as the study was self-funded.

How to Cite this Article: Singh, S., & Arya S Prasad. (2024). Comparison Of Prescription Accuracy Of Commercially Available Molar Tubes Using A Custom Made Device - An Invitro Study: Original Research. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(2), 37–47. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i2.1076

Original Research

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 2 | Page : 26-36

Correlation Of ANB Angle, Wit’s Appraisal, Beta Angle, Yen Angle And W-Angle In Patients With Class I Skeletal Pattern In Different Growth Patterns

Ajins C.B1, A. Jebilla Pringle2,S.D.Milling Tania3, S. Veerasankar4, Mary Sheloni Missier2, I. Bevin Shaga4

1-Post Graduate, 2-Senior Lecturer, 3-Professor and Head of Department, 4-Reader, Department of Orthodontics, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Kavalkinaru

Address for Correspondence:

Dr Ajins C.B. Postgraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Kavalkinaru

Email:drajinscb@gmail.com

Phone No:+918940046008

Abstract

Background: Sagittal jaw discrepancies are a critical determinant in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning, necessitating an accurate assessment. This study aims to investigate the predictive efficacy of various sagittal parameters (ANB angle, Wits appraisal, Beta angle, Yen angle, and W angle) in diagnosing skeletal Class I malocclusion across diverse growth patterns.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using lateral cephalograms of 60 patients diagnosed with skeletal Class I malocclusion. Sagittal skeletal parameters (ANB angle, Beta angle, Yen angle, W angle, and Wits appraisal) were evaluated across three distinct growth patterns (vertical, horizontal, and average). Mean and standard deviation were calculated for each parameter within each growth pattern. One-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey's HSD test was employed for pairwise comparisons between groups. The inter-relationship between cephalometric parameters and growth patterns was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, with statistical significance set at p ≤ 0.05.

Results: A total of 60 participants (30 males and 30 females) with a mean age of 18.60 ± 4.17 years were included in the study. Highly statistically significant differences were noted for Beta and Yen angle (p ≤ 0.001), whereas statistically significant differences were noted for ANB angle. The correlation test revealed a possible association between assessed parameters in the overall sample.

Conclusion: Angular and linear parameters revealed some degree of correlation in skeletal class I malocclusion patients irrespective of their growth pattern. However, the reliability of individual parameters in accurately classifying the skeletal discrepancies among different malocclusion states should be further investigated.

COMPETING INTERESTS

The authors declare that they have no competing interests in this study.

SOURCE OF FUNDING

This research received no external funding.

How to Cite this Article: Ajins C B, A. Jebilla Pringle, S.D. Milling Tania, S. Veerasankar, Mary Sheloni Missier, & I. Bevin Shaga. (2024). Correlation Of ANB Angle, Wit’s Appraisal, Beta Angle, Yen Angle And W-Angle In Patients With Class I Skeletal Pattern In Different Growth Patterns: Original Research. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(2), 26–36. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i2.1064

Review Article

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 2 | Page : 13-25

Self Assembling Peptide P11-4 for management of white spot lesions in subjects undergoing orthodontic treatment

Nazleen Valerie Vas1, Ravindra Kumar Jain2

1-Postgraduate Student, 2-Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Address for Correspondence:

Dr Ravindra Kumar Jain Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai-600077, TamilNadu, India.

Email id:ravindrakumar@saveetha.com

Phone No:+919884729660

Abstract

White Spot Lesions (WSLs) are early signs of enamel demineralization, often occurring during orthodontic treatment due to hindered oral hygiene maintenance. Traditional treatment methods include resin infiltration or remineralization using fluoride-based agents. However, self-assembling peptides (SAPs), such as Curodont ™ Repair (P11-4), have emerged as potential alternatives for WSL management. This review comprehensively examines the chemistry, mode of action, clinical safety, and efficacy of SAP P11-4 in remineralizing enamel lesions. It synthesizes findings from studies investigating SAP P11-4's remineralizing potential using various assessment methods, including pH cycling models, laser fluorescence, digital subtraction radiography, and confocal microscopy. SAP P11-4, with its ability to mimic the enamel matrix and promote hydroxyapatite nucleation, demonstrates promising outcomes in reducing WSL size and progression. Clinical studies report significant improvements in lesion remineralization with SAP P11-4 treatment, often surpassing the efficacy of fluoride-based interventions. Moreover, SAP P11-4 shows compatibility with bonding procedures and potential for reducing dentin hypersensitivity. They offer a promising alternative or adjunct to traditional fluoride-based treatments for WSL management, providing clinicians with a valuable tool in promoting enamel health and preventing caries progression. Further research is warranted to explore long-term outcomes and optimize treatment protocols for maximum efficacy.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

No conflict of interest among the authors of this study.

SOURCES OF FUNDING

Nil

How to cite this article: Vas, N. V., & Jain, R. K. (2024). Self Assembling Peptide P11-4 for management of white spot lesions in subjects undergoing orthodontic treatment: Review Article. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(2), 13–25. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i2.1031

Original Research

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 2 | Page : 01-12

Quality of Life (QoL) changes after orthognathic surgery: Do they correlate with the quantum of hard and soft tissue change?

Salma H. Ghoneim1, Nouf K. Alahmadi2,Doaa H. Alsaggaf1, Fahad F. Alsulaimani3, Reem A. Alansari4,Samar M. Adel5, Shoroog H. Agou4

1-Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, 2-Master’s Student, 3-Professor and Head, 4-Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 5-Lecturer, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt.

Address for Correspondence:
Dr.Salma H Ghoneim, Assistant Professor and Consultant of Orthodontics, Department of Orthodontics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Email:shghoneim@kau.edu.sa

Phone No:+966536568333

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the relationship between post orthognathic surgery changes in soft and hard tissue cephalometric variables in Class II and Class III patients and quality of life (QoL) measured using a condition-specific QoL questionnaire and to determine cephalometric predictors of the overall OQLQ after surgery.

Methods: The sample included 50 orthodontic patients, 28 Class II and 22 Class III skeletal relationships whose treatment included orthognathic surgery. Correlations between cephalometric changes and Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ) were tested by Pearson’s correlation. Multiple linear regression was used to determine cephalometric predictors of the overall OQLQ after surgery.

Results: In Class II patients, OQLQ before surgery and changes in SNA were significant predictors for OQLQ after surgery. For Class III patients, OQLQ after surgery was significantly correlated with the change in mandibular plane angle and lower face height (r = 0.6 and r = 0.5 respectively). The decrease in facial angle was negatively correlated with OQLQ (r = -0.4). Mandibular plane angle, mandibular length, and OQLQ before surgery were significant predictors for OQLQ after surgery. 

Conclusion: QoL improved for Class II and III after orthognathic surgery. Changes in certain cephalometric measurements seem to predict quality of life after orthognathic surgery.

SOURCE OF FUNDING

No funding was received for the study.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

FHow to Cite this Article: Ghoneim, S., Alahmadi, N., Alsaggaf, D., Alsulaimani, F., Alansari, R., Adel, S., & Agou, S. (2024). Quality of Life (QoL) changes after orthognathic surgery: Do they correlate with the quantum of hard and soft tissue change? Original Research. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i2.1012

Original Research

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 1 | Page : 51-63

Airway Analysis in Different Malocclusions - A Cephalometric Study

R.Hellweg Sheraffin1, Mary Sheloni Missier2, S.D.Milling Tania3, I.Bevin Shaga4, S.Veerasankar4, A.Jebilla Pringle2

1-Post Graduate, 2-Senior Lecturer, 3-Professor and Head of Department, 4-Reader, Department of Orthodontics,Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Kavalkinaru

Address for Correspondence:

Dr. R. Hellweg Sheraffin, Post Graduate, Department of Orthodontics, Rajas Dental College And Hospital, Kavalkinaru.

Email:jinsheraffin@gmail.com

Phone No:7598114843

Abstract

Background: It was essential to evaluate respiratory function when diagnosing and planning orthodontic treatment. Based on the correlation between pharyngeal airway space and craniofacial structure, airway width was hypothesized to be an indicator of airway patency in different groups of skeletal malocclusion.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate age and gender related changes in pharyngeal airway dimensions in different sagittal skeletal relationships

Materials and Method: Sixty lateral cephalograms of patients aged 10-30 years with no pharyngeal pathology or nasal obstruction were retrospectively selected and categorized into skeletal Class I (n = 20), Class II (n = 20), and Class III (n = 20) malocclusion based on ANB angle. McNamara's airway analysis was used to quantify upper- and lower-airway dimensions. The analyses of intergroup differences were performed using a one-way ANOVA, an independent t-test, and Tukey's test as a post-hoc test.

Results: Participants in the study ranged in age from 20.57 ± 5.41 years (males) and 20.03 ± 4.58 years (females) were included in the study. The upper pharyngeal airway (UPA) dimensions demonstrated a positive correlation with age. In both genders, the mean upper pharyngeal airway (UPA) size exceeded the lower pharyngeal airway (LPA) size, but neither age nor gender was associated with statistically significant differences in skeletal malocclusion.

Conclusion: It was shown that skeletal malocclusions of different types have no effect on the upper and lower pharyngeal airways and that the upper and lower pharyngeal airways are not influenced by age or gender.

SOURCE OF FUNDING

Nil

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

How to Cite this Article: R.Hellweg Sheraffin, Mary Sheloni Missier, S.D.Milling Tania, I.Bevin Shaga, S.Veerasankar, & A. Jebilla Pringle. (2024). Airway Analysis in Different Malocclusions - A Cephalometric Study : Original Research. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(1), 51–63. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i1.1011

Original Research (Copy)

Year : 2025 | Volume : 16 | Issue : 3 | Page : 82-92

Assessment Of the Correlation Between Cephalometric Measurements and Facial Attractiveness

Udit Chaudhary,1 Monis Raza,2 Achint Juneja,3 Ridhi Kothari,4 Tanvi Gupta,5

 1-Postgraduate Resident, 2-Associate Professor, 3-Professor, 4-Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies (IDST), Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India, 5-Postgraduate Resident, Department of Orthodontics, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, India

Address for Correspondence:

Dr. Monis Raza
Associate Professor,

Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopaedics
Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies (IDST),

Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
Email: monis8raza@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate both linear and nonlinear (quadratic) correlations between cephalometric variables and facial attractiveness in North Indian adults.

Methods: Pretreatment frontal and profile photographs and lateral cephalograms of 30 adults (10 Class I, 10 Class II, 10 Class III) were analysed. Attractiveness was rated on a 10-cm visual analog scale by 40 evaluators (orthodontists, prosthodontists, general dentists, and laypersons). Cephalometric variables were traced using Nemoceph software and correlated with attractiveness scores through linear and quadratic regression analyses.

Results: No significant differences in attractiveness were observed among malocclusion groups (p = 0.120). Only the glabella-to-true vertical line (G′-TVL) distance showed a significant quadratic correlation with profile attractiveness (r = 0.63, p = 0.010).

Conclusion: In North Indian adults, malocclusion class was not associated with perceived facial attractiveness. Glabella position relative to the true vertical line showed a quadratic association, suggesting that forehead morphology may influence esthetic perception.
Keywords: Cephalometry; Facial Aesthetics; Orthodontics; India; Soft Tissue

 SOURCE OF FUNDING

Nil

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

Nil

How to cite this article: Udit Chaudhary, Monis Raza, Achint Juneja, Ridhi Kothari, Tanvi Gupta. Assessment Of the Correlation Between Cephalometric Measurements and Facial Attractiveness. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2025; 16 (3): 82-92.

Original Research

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 1 | Page : 39-50

Impact of irregular appointment interval on Orthodontic treatment amid COVID-19 Pandemic- A Cross sectional Observational Study.

Meera Madgavkar1, Harsh Ashok Mishra2, Raj Kumar Maurya3, Hitesh Ramdas Sawant4, Alok Ranjan4, Parag Gangurde5

1-Intern, 2-Associate Professor, 4-AssistantProfessor, 5-Professor & Head, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Bharati Vidyapeeth (DU) University, Pune, 3-Associate Professor, Government Field Hospital, India.

Address for Correspondence:

Dr. Harsh Ashok Mishra, Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai. Bharati Vidyapeeth (DU) University, Pune.

Email: dr.mishraharsh@gmail.com

Phone No: 8451840579

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic situation has affected all professions including orthodontics. The present study proposed determination of impact of irregular appointments on Orthodontic treatment amid COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional observational study design enrolled 134 patients over period of 2 weeks were recorded such as treatment start date, total number of appointments scheduled and frequency of missed appointments after 24 March 2020, Stage of Orthodontic treatment on or before 24 March 2020 i.e., Alignment & levelling b) Space closure c) Finishing and Detailing d) Retention.

Results: The distribution of malocclusion based on Angle Molar criteria showed prevalence of 53.73 % Class I, 37.32 % Class II and 8.95% Class III. The malocclusions were treated predominantly by extraction in 57.46 % and non-extraction in 42.44 % patients. The total treatment duration revealed that more than 51 % patients’ treatment lasted beyond 24 months but finished before 36 months. Similarly, 35.82 % patients’ treatment duration was less than 12 months. It was found that more than 47 % were in Stage I, 28.36 % were in stage II, 18.66 % in stage III and lastly 5.97 % were in stage IV.

Conclusion: Orthodontic emergencies and un-schedule appointments had prevalence of Class I, followed by Class II and Class III with extraction treatment therapy. Majority patients treated with fixed mechanotherapy followed by Clear aligners and Retainers. More than half of the patients had increased treatment duration due to irregular follow up.

SOURCE OF FUNDING

STS 2022 reference ID: 2022-07984

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

How to Cite this Article: Madgaonkar, M. M., Mishra, D. H., Maurya, D. R. K., Sawant, D. H., Ranjan, D. A., & Gangurde, D. P. (2024). Impact of irregular appointment interval on Orthodontic treatment amid COVID-19 Pandemic- A Cross-sectional Observational Study.: Original Research. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i1.973.

Original Research

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 1 | Page : 29-38

The Relationship Between Cervical Headgear Treatment And Maxillary Third Molar Space: A Retrospective Controlled Study

Salma H Ghoneim, Aseel M Alsolami, Samer Saad Alshamrani, Afnan A Nassar, Reem A Alansari, Amal I Linjawi, Khalid H Zawawi

1-BDS. MSc, Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, 2-BDS, Dental Interns, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 3-BDS. MPH. Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Public Health Division, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia, 4-BDS, Ph.D., Associate Professor, 5-BDS, MSc, Ph.D., Professor, 6-BDS, DSc, Professor, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Address for Correspondence:

Dr.Salma H Ghoneim, Assistant Professor and Consultant of Orthodontics, Department of Orthodontics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Email:shghoneim@kau.edu.sa

PhoneNo:+966536568333

Abstract

Introduction: The effect of headgear on the space available for the eruption of upper third molars needed further investigation. Only a few studies looked at the after-treatment effect of headgear on that space, and none have evaluated the long-term effect after the average age of third molar eruption. Therefore, this retrospective study evaluated the short and long-term effects of cervical headgear on the space and eruption of the maxillary third molars and their long-term eruption status.

Materials and Methods: Records of Class II cases treated with cervical headgear were collected at the following time points: (T1) before treatment, (T2) after treatment, and (T3) taken at least 4 years after T2. An untreated control sample was collected from the Bolton-Brush study records. They were matched for age at each time point and malocclusion. Lateral cephalograms were used to measure the distance from the distal surface of the maxillary first molar (U6) to the pterygoid vertical plane (PTV). The third molar status at T3 was categorized into five groups: impacted, extracted, erupted, congenitally missing, and formation stage. Thirty-three cases were included in the cervical headgear group and 19 in the control group.

Results: The position of U6 changed significantly between the headgear and control group at T2 but was similar at T3. In the headgear group, the U6 was significantly distalized (3.3 ±2.9 mm) between T1 and T2 (P=0.006), however, there was a significant relapse of 5.9 (±4.6) mm between T2 and T3 (P<0.001). In the control group, the distance between U6 and PTV increased significantly from T1 to T2 (4.8 ±4.4mm) with minimal change from T2 to T3 (1.5 ±4.8mm). There was no significant relationship between headgear use and third molar status (p=0.108).

Conclusion: Headgear caused a temporary decrease in the U6-PTV distance that was recovered later. This decrease was not observed in the control group. Using cervical headgear to correct Class II malocclusion does not increase the risk of upper third molar impaction.

SOURCE OF FUNDING

No funding was received for the study.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

How to Cite this Article: Ghoneim, S., Alsolami, A., Alshamrani, S., Nassar, A., Alansari, R., Linjawi, A., & Zawawi, K. (2024). The Relationship Between Cervical Headgear Treatment And Maxillary Third Molar Space: A Retrospective Controlled Study: Original Research. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(1), 29–38.

Original Research

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 1 | Page : 16-28

Perception of Dental Caries Risk and Prevention among Orthodontic Patients – A Cross-Sectional Survey

Doaa H. Alsaggaf 1, Salha R. Aljohani 2

1,2Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Address for Correspondence: Doaa H.Alsaggaf, BDS, DScD, ABO King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Alsulemaneya, POBox80209, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

Tel: +966506357194

Email: dalsaggaf@kau.edu.sa

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the perception of dental caries risk and prevention among patients undergoing orthodontic treatment and to assess the influence of the oral hygiene information attained during orthodontic visits on patients’ perception of dental caries prevention.

Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire gathered information from 207 orthodontic patients (aged 18 and older). The questionnaire included questions about patients’ demographics, perception of dental caries risk and prevention during orthodontic treatment, and oral hygiene information received in orthodontic visits. Frequency distributions of responses were evaluated. Chi-square test was used to assess the differences in patients’ perception of dental caries prevention by demographics, and the oral hygiene information received during orthodontic appointments.

Results: 74.9% of orthodontic patients perceived to be responsible for dental caries during orthodontic treatment, and 30.4% of patients perceived that it is abnormal to develop dental caries during treatment. Patients receiving information about tooth brushing methods and oral hygiene accessories during orthodontic appointments had a better perception of appropriate oral hygiene in preventing dental caries (P= 0.01 and P= 0.04, respectively). Moreover, patients receiving dietary information during orthodontic appointments had a better perception of supporting a good diet and avoiding sweets in preventing dental caries (P< 0.001 and P= 0.02, respectively).

Conclusion: There is a need to improve orthodontic patients’ perception of their risk of dental caries during orthodontic treatment and the manners that would help to avoid new decay lesions. Orthodontists should not underestimate the value of providing and reinforcing oral hygiene instructions throughout the course of orthodontic treatment. 

SOURCE OF FUNDING

No funding was received for the study.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

How to Cite this Article: Alsaggaf, D. H., & Aljohani, S. R. (2024). Perception of Dental Caries Risk and Prevention among Orthodontic Patients – A Cross-Sectional Survey: Original Research. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(1), 16–28. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i1.960