Original Article

Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 3 | Page : 108-114

Clinical comparison of pain: Self-ligating versus conventional fixed orthodontic appliance systems

Sukhbir Singh Chopra, Ashish Kamboj
Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, MUHS, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:

Prof. Sukhbir Singh Chopra, MUHS, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Abstract:

Background:

Orthodontic treatment is always taken as a painful procedure. Pain from orthodontic treatment has been shown to have negative effects on oral hygiene efforts and to be a major reason for missing appointments.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty consecutive eligible patients were alternated between two groups. Group I individuals were bonded with 0.022-inch preadjusted edgewise brackets. Group II individuals were bonded with self-ligating brackets. At the end of the first appointment, the patients were given printed sheets to record visual analogue scale (VAS) scores. Discomfort was assessed again at the first wire change as to whether one side was more or less comfortable when untied and when the new wire was ligated.

Results:

The minimum VAS score recorded was 0 and the maximum VAS score recorded in Group I was 5 and in Group II 6. The pain characteristic “while biting” was most commonly reported; none reported shooting pain.

Conclusion:

Engagement of archwire with both conventional ligating and self-ligating brackets causes pain, the difference between the two groups was statistically insignificant. After placement of the second archwire, more number of patients in SLB Group reported no pain, the measure mean intensity of pain was higher in conventional ligating group as compared to SLB Group; however, the difference between the two groups was statistically insignificant. The intensity of pain did not show any specific peaks. Patients rated disengagement of archwire as being not painful in both groups in the present study.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_9_21

How to cite this article: Chopra SS, Kamboj A. Clinical comparison of pain: Self-ligating versus conventional fixed orthodontic appliance systems. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:108-14.

Original Article

Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 3 | Page : 103-107

Correlation of soft palate shape with skeletal malocclusion

Harsha J Kaurani, Tarvade (Daokar) Suchita
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Chatrapati Shahu Maharaj Shikshan Sanstha Dental College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:

Dr. Harsha J Kaurani

Chatrapati Shahu Maharaj Shikshan Sanstha Dental College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.

Abstract:

Introduction:

Soft palate is a fibromuscular organ essential for phonation, deglutition, respiration, and velopharyngeal competence. It exists in various shapes including rat tail type, leaf type, butt type, straight line, crooked type, and S shaped. There have been studies in the literature that has compared the morphological variation of soft palate in genders and subjects of different age groups. However, the literature is limited regarding the correlation of soft palate shape with different skeletal patterns. Hence, this study was undertaken.

Aims:

To study various shape of soft palate on lateral cephalogram in patients with skeletal Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusions.

Settings and Design:

A retrospective study.

Subjects and Methods:

Total 90 lateral cephalograms of skeletal Class I (30), Class II (30), and Class III (30) were classified on the basis of W angle into skeletal pattern as Class I, Class II, and Class III. Their soft palates were traced and compared for the shape variation.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Pearson's Chi-square test.

Results:

The result showed that crooked shape soft palate is more frequent type among the population. In skeletal Class I malocclusion, crooked was most frequent shape of palate followed by leaf shape. In skeletal Class II malocclusion, crooked was most common followed by rat tail type and in Class III malocclusion, butt shape was most common followed by leaf type.

Conclusions:

Significant correlation exists between the variants of soft palate and skeletal malocclusion

Source of Support: 

None, 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_1_21

How to cite this article: Kaurani HJ, Suchita T. Correlation of soft palate shape with skeletal malocclusion. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:103-7.

Original Article

Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 3 | Page : 98-102

Evaluation and comparison of mechanical properties between commercially available mini-implants: An in vitro study

Alok Singh1, Monika Rathore2, Somya Govil2, Vinay Umale1, Rohit Kulshrestha3, Raahat Vikrm Singh4

1 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Yogita Dental College, Khed, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India, 2 1Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Babu Banarsi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, 3 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Terna Dental College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, 4 Consulting Orthodontist, Private Practice, New Delhi, India

Correspondence Address:

Dr. Rohit Kulshrestha

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Terna Dental College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Objective:

The objective of this study is to evaluate the mechanical properties of different commercial brands of mini-implants by subjecting them to loads perpendicular to their long axis.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 120 mini-implants were divided into six groups (n = 20): Group 1A - 20 stainless steel (SS) mini-implants (SK Orthodontics, India), Group 1B - 20 SS mini-implants (BK Orthodontics, India), Group 1C - 20 SS mini-implants (JSV Surgicals, India), Group 2A - 20 titanium mini-implants (Koden surgical, India), Group 2B - 20 Titanium mini-implants (JSV Orthodontics, India), and Group 2C - 20 titanium mini-implants (Dentos, Korea) were used. The mini-implants were placed perpendicularly into 12 acrylic blocks and were submitted to mechanical tests using a standard universal testing machine (ACME, India. Model no. UNIT TEST-10). The different forces required to fracture mini-implants after undergoing 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mm deformation was assessed.

Results:

Mini-implants in Group 2C (Titanium Dentos Korea) required the greatest force to deform and fracture, whereas Group 1C (JSV Surgicals, India) had the lowest fracture force. Statistically significant differences were seen when an intragroup comparison was done. Statistically significant differences were seen in the comparison between the SS and titanium groups (P < 0.05). The SS group required lower forces to deform and fracture as compared to the titanium group.

Conclusions:

SS mini-implants exhibited a high degree of resistance to deform and fracture, but they were inferior compared with titanium mini-implants. Titanium mini-implants required higher force values to deform and fracture.

Source of Support: None

Conflict of Interest: None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_18_21

How to cite this article: Singh A, Rathore M, Govil S, Umale V, Kulshrestha R, Singh RV. Evaluation and comparison of mechanical properties between commercially available mini-implants: An in vitro study. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:98-102.

Original Article

Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 3 | Page : 91-97

Evaluation of stress distribution in maxilla, mandible, and glenoid fossa after Class III intermaxillary traction: A three-dimensional finite element analysis study

Wasundhara A Bhad, Anil S Dhage, Nikita Ravindra Baheti, Santosh J Chavan, Niyati Sunil Mehta
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:

Dr. Nikita Ravindra Baheti

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Government Dental College and Hospital, Medical Square, Nagpur - 440 003, Maharashtra, India.

Abstarct:

Aim:

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the stress distribution on maxilla, mandible, and glenoid fossa after application of Class III intermaxillary anteroposterior orthopedic forces of 150, 250, and 400 gas applied to a three-dimensional (3D) model of the young human dry skull.

Methods:

A 3D finite element model was developed from the computed tomography images of a growing boy (age, 13 years). ANSYS (version 16.0) software used to simulate Class III force of progressively increasing intensity over maxilla, mandible, and glenoid fossa to quantify the biomechanical reaction with two components, direction and stress.

Results:

We quantified detailed changes in the maxillofacial sutures, dentition, mandible, and glenoid fossa with bone-anchored maxillary protraction (BAMP) to analyze their effects.

Conclusions:

As the force increases from 150, 250 to 400 g, stresses are increased on all structures associated except maxillary central incisor which show a decrease in the stresses. Although forces were for maxillary protraction, stress generated at the circummaxillary sutures was minimal. As with any other Class III force, stresses were distributed on whole of condyle, capsular ligament, and minimal at glenoid fossa. This suggests that BAMP has more of mandibular restraining effect.

Source of Support: 

None, 

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_22_21

How to cite this article: Bhad WA, Dhage AS, Baheti NR, Chavan SJ, Mehta NS. Evaluation of stress distribution in maxilla, mandible, and glenoid fossa after Class III intermaxillary traction: A three-dimensional finite element analysis study. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:91-7.

Short Communication

Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 4 | Page : 186-188

Parametric sparse representation-Three dimensional recording for maxillo-mandibular malformations

Yatishkumar S Joshi1, Azhar Mohammed2, Anand S Ambekar1
1 Department of Orthodontics, MIDSR Dental College, Latur, Maharashtra, India, 2 Department of Orthodontics, A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE, Deralakatte, Karnataka, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Yatishkumar S Joshi
Department of Orthodontics, MIDSR Dental College, Latur, Maharashtra, India

Abstract:

Complex malformations manifest in jaws which pose a challenge to diagnose the malocclusion for its management. A thorough three-dimensional assessment of the dentofacial skeleton is necessary to identify the underlying malocclusion. Although there are numerous methods to investigate the same, recording in a way to easily register, communicate and replicate is not much worked upon. This article tries to introduce a simple tool to record maxillamandibular malformations.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_20_21

Joshi Y, Mohammed A, Ambekar AS. Parametric sparse representation‐Three dimensional recording for maxillo‐mandibular malformations. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:186-8.

Case Report

Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 4 | Page : 164-166

Reverse-M-Zadake spring – A novel design for the management of root divergence

Sujit Navnath Zadake, Yatishkumar Joshi, Suresh Kangane, Anand Ambekar
Department of Orthodontics, MIDSR Dental College, Latur, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:

Dr. Sujit Navnath Zadake, Vaishnav Sadan Babanagar Kallam, Osmanabad, Maharashtra, India.

Abstract

The main reason to seek Orthodontic treatment is esthetics. Black triangles after lower incisor extraction are one of the commonly occurring malocclusion which causes esthetic compromises. Relapse is unavoidable while treating such cases. This relapse can be controlled only when there is translatory root movement in the mesial direction. Very little literature is available for the correction of black triangles. In this article, a spring is fabricated by using 0.018 A J Wilcock stainless steel special plus wire containing three helices. This Trihelical spring is a simple, effective, esthetic, and biologically compatible device with excellent root control for the treatment of root divergence.

Source of Support: 

None

Conflict of Interest: 

None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_23_21

How to cite this article: Zadake SN, Joshi Y, Kangane S, Ambekar A. Reverse‐M‐Zadake spring – A novel design for the management of root divergence. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:164-6.

Case Report

Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 4 | Page : 157-163

Anterior maxillary and mandibular subapical osteotomy for correction of bimaxillary protrusion

Nilesh Mote1, Jyoti Rajbhar1, Aditya Prakash Pawar1, Anchin Goyal1, Anuj Dadhich2
1 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Rural Dental College, Loni, Maharashtra, India, 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rural Dental College, Loni, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Anchin Goyal
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Rural Dental College, Loni, Maharashtra, India.

Abstract

Bimaxillary protrusion (BP) is one of the most prevalent dentofacial deformities in the Asian population. Facial esthetics is the primary concern of these patients. Typical orthodontic treatment includes retraction of maxillary and mandibular incisors after extraction of the four first premolars, but this might not yield desired esthetic changes in the patient. Thus, orthognathic surgery such as anterior subapical osteotomies and extraction of premolars can be looked upon as an option to correct sagittal excess of the jaw bones and associated dental anomalies. This case report describes the treatment of a middle-aged woman with complaints of lip protrusion and unfavorable esthetics due to present malocclusion with the help of anterior maxillary and mandibular osteotomy procedure which provides a stable and viable treatment option for desired esthetic results.

Source of Support: None, 

Conflict of Interest: None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_14_21

How to cite this article: Mote N, Rajbhar J, Pawar AP, Goyal A, Dadhich A. Anterior maxillary and mandibular subapical osteotomy for correction of bimaxillary protrusion. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:157-63.

Case Report

Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 4 | Page : 153-156

A novel spring for correction of ectopically positioned teeth

Achint Chachada1, Nehal Saraf2, Megha Jain1, Piyush Khandelwal1

1 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Chhattisgarh Dental College and Research Institute, Sundra, Chhattisgarh, India 2 Private Practioner, Samadhan Health Centre, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India

Address for correspondence:

Dr. Nehal Saraf,

Private Practioner, Samadhan Health Centre, Raipur - 492 001, Chhattisgarh, India.

E‐mail: nehalsaraf123@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

A misaligned tooth can cause serious aesthetic and functional challenges. Customized springs are indeed a practical remedy for aligning such teeth. The skill to provide an ideal system of forces to reach the desired movement, as well as the management of potential side effects, is directly linked to a successful outcome. One such approach is shown in this case report.

Keywords: Biomechanics, ectopic tooth, spring

Source of Support: None, 

Conflict of Interest: None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_21_21

How to cite this article: Chachada A, Saraf N, Jain M, Khandelwal P. A novel spring for correction of ectopically positioned teeth. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:153-6.

Case Report

Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 4 | Page : 148-152

Management of impacted maxillary canines during orthodontic treatment: Report of two cases with 1-year follow-ups

Dhaval P Pandya1, Divya Maheshwari2, Shatraj Shetty2, Krupa R Shirvekar3
1 Consultant Periodontist, Dental Surgery, Karuna Hospital, Borivali West; Private Practice Focussed on Periodontics & Implantology, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
2 Consultant Orthodontist, Private Practice, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
3 Post Graduate Student in Aesthetic and Restorative Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Espana

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Dhaval P Pandya
6th Floor, Shankar Ashish, R.C. Patel Road, Off Sodawala lane, Borivali West, Mumbai - 400 092, Maharashtra
India

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_2_21

The prevalence of impacted maxillary canines is 2%–3%. The position of the canine germ should be evaluated between 9 and 11 years of age group. In addition to the clinical examination, radiographic evaluation of the canine site will aid in gathering additional data such as the position of the canine, its relationship with the adjacent teeth, and any oral pathology associated with the site. It becomes imperative to have an early diagnosis of the ectopically positioned canine. Orthodontic considerations which include orthodontic traction for the malpositioned canine tooth along with surgical exposure assume significance, if the permanent canine is deviating from its normal eruption pathway trajectory within its specified timeline of erupting into the dental arch. The objective of reporting the following two cases is to analyze a successful 1-year follow-up outcome of an interdisciplinary, evidence-based approach in managing impacted canines in two female patients in their second decades of life.

How to Cite This article Pandya DP, Maheswari D, Shetty S, Shirvekar KR. Management of impacted maxillary canines during orthodontic treatment: Report of two cases with 1‐year follow‐ups. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:148-52

Case Report

Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 4 | Page : 140-147

Updating the orthodontic envelope of discrepancy: Canines transposition

Hasan Sabah Hasan1, Mohamed A Elkolaly2
1 Department of Orthodontic, Khanzad Teaching Center, General Directorate of Hawler-Ministry of Health, Erbil, Iraq
2 Department of Orthodontic, Royal Dental Center, Alexandria, Egypt

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Hasan Sabah Hasan
Department of Orthodontic, Khanzad Teaching Center, General Directorate of Hawler-Ministry of Health, Erbil
Iraq

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_24_21

This study aimed to report a case of skeletal Class I adult with anterior open and transposed upper canines with premolars and lower right canine transposed with lateral incisor, retained upper deciduous C, B, and lower right C. With congenital missing upper right lateral incisor, upper spacing arch, and lower mild crowding arch, a patient complains about her smile esthetic. The case was treated using temporary anchorage devices and three-dimensional retraction loops designed primarily for upper canine transposition with an accepted esthetic reshaping of lower canine using composite restoration. The missing lateral had been implanted with smile makeover using microesthetic post-orthodontic treatment. After 16 months of treatment, it was possible to see a significant improvement of the patient's facial profile, with overcorrection in overjet and preservation of the tissues and integrity of dental roots.

Hasan HS, Elkolaly MA. Updating the orthodontic envelope of discrepancy: Canines transposition. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:140-7.

Original Article

Year : 2021 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 4 | Page : 135-139

Coefficient of regression to predict skeletal patterns for nongrowing subjects using gonial angle on orthopantomogram

Rohan Anil Garud1, Kunal Raghavendra Shah2, Nitin Dilip Gulve1, Amit Balkrishna Nehete1, Shivpriya Dattatraya Aher1
1 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, MGV's KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
2 Department of Orthodontics, Rishiraj Dental College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Rohan Anil Garud
Flat No. 6, Shreekala Haights, Ekta Colony, Pathardi Road, Near Saint George Orthodox Church, Nashik - 422 009, Maharashtra
India

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_11_21

Introduction: The gonial angle plays to be one of the significant indicators for the diagnosis of growth pattern of orthodontic patients. It is a known fact that lateral cephalograms are commonly used for the measurement of gonial angle, but panoramic radiographs (PRs) can display both the gonial angles simultaneously and as accurately as lateral cephalograms. The aim of this study is to develop an equation for the prediction of the skeletal pattern of nongrowing participants from gonial angle values on PR.

Materials and Methods: PRs and lateral cephalograms of 75 orthodontic patients were selected. The gonial angle was measured on PR and Sella Nasion-mandibular plane (SN-MP) angle was measured on lateral cephalograms. The values obtained were analyzed using paired Pearson's correlation test and regression analysis was done.

Results: The relationship between the gonial angle measurements obtained from each radiograph was represented as, “SN-MP angle (Skeletal pattern) = −44.297 + 0.6318 × Gonial angle (PR) in the linear function.”

Conclusion: Hence, PR could be used to determine the gonial angle as accurately as a lateral cephalogram and a useful tool for examining the skeletal pattern of patients.

How to cite this article: Garud RA, Shah KR, Gulve ND, Nehete AB, Aher SD. Coefficient of regression to predict skeletal patterns for nongrowing subjects using gonial angle on orthopantomogram. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2021;12:135-9.