Case Report

Year : 2026 | Volume : 17 | Issue : 3 | Page : 79-94

From Severe Crowding to Sustained Stability: Orthodontic Management of Patient with Cleft Lip and Palate- A Case Report with Three Year Follow-up

 Swati Singh-1, S Kalaivani-2

1-Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT university, Campus-5 Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India – 751024

2-Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Vels Medical College and Hospital, Thiruvallur, 601102, Affiliated to Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS) , Chennai 600117,

Address for Correspondence:

Dr Swati Singh

Assistant Professor,

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics,

Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences,

KIIT university, Campus-5 Bhubaneswar,

Odisha, India – 751024

E mail- swati.singh@kids.ac.in

ABSTRACT

The present report describes treatment and three year stability of a 13-year-old female who presented with a non-syndromic unilateral left-sided cleft lip and palate (CLP) with unesthetic facial appearance and irregular front teeth. The patient had undergone primary lip repair (cheiloplasty) at 6 months of age, and a secondary alveolar bone graft at 13 years of age. The patient had a straight profile, a symmetric face apart from lip changes attributable to the cleft and prior surgical scarring. On intraoral examination, she had severe bimaxillary crowding, multiple unerupted teeth, Angle’s Class I malocclusion, and an average growth pattern with a marked arch-length tooth size discrepancy in both arches. Treatment involved bonding full-arch fixed appliances with 0.22 MBT prescription metal brackets, followed by guided eruption, leveling and alignment, space closure, and settling. Treatment was completed with a Class I molar relationship, overbite and crowding resolution, competent lips, and a well-balanced facial profile. The patient was followed up for 3 years, and the attained correction was well retained with only minor relapse.

KEYWORDS:Cleft, Cleft lip and palate, Orthodontic treatment, adolescents.

SOURCE OF FUNDING

None.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

None.

How to cite this article: Swati Singh, S Kalaivani. From Severe Crowding to Sustained Stability: Orthodontic Management of Patient with Cleft Lip and Palate- A Case Report with Three Year Follow-up.

Int J Orthod Rehabil 2026; 17 (3): 79-94.

Doi: 10.56501/Intjorthodrehabil.173.ijor0158

Original Research

Year : 2026 | Volume : 17 | Issue : 1 | Page : 27-38

Prevalence of Moyer’s Class II malocclusion subtypes in Dravidian Population: A Cephalometric Study

Rishika Singla 1, Ravindra Kumar Jain 2, Swati Singh 3

1-Resident, 2-Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai- 600077, India, 3-Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT university, Campus-5 Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India – 751024

Address for Correspondence:

Dr Ravindra Kumar Jain

Professor and Head,

Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals,

Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences,

Chennai, India.

E-mail: ravindrakumar@saveetha.com

ABSTRACT

Background: Class II malocclusion exhibits considerable skeletal and dental heterogeneity that is often inadequately described by Angle’s dental classification. Moyers’ cephalometric subclassification, based on horizontal and vertical skeletal–dental relationships, provides a more biologically meaningful framework for understanding Class II patterns. Population-specific evaluation of these subtypes is essential, as craniofacial morphology varies across ethnic groups.

Aim: To determine the prevalence and distribution of Moyers’ horizontal and vertical Class II malocclusion subtypes in a Dravidian population and to evaluate their association with age and gender using cephalometric analysis.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 455 pretreatment lateral cephalograms of Dravidian subjects diagnosed with Class II malocclusion. Cephalometric assessment was performed digitally using FACAD software with Steiner’s, McNamara’s, Wits, and Rakosi analyses. Each case was classified into Moyers’ horizontal (A–F) and vertical (1–5) subtypes by calibrated examiners. Frequency distribution was calculated, and Chi-square tests were used to assess associations of subtypes with age and gender.

Results: Horizontal Subtype F was the most prevalent pattern, while Vertical Subtype 2 predominated among vertical patterns. A statistically significant association was observed between age and horizontal subtypes (p = 0.02), and between gender and horizontal subtypes (p = 0.04). No significant association was found between age or gender and vertical subtypes. Angle’s dental classification showed variable overlap with Moyers’ skeletal subtypes.

Conclusion: The Dravidian population demonstrated a distinct distribution of Moyers’ Class II subtypes, emphasizing the influence of ethnic craniofacial characteristics. Moyers’ cephalometric classification provides superior diagnostic insight compared to Angle’s system and facilitates more individualized treatment planning.
Keywords:Class II malocclusion, Moyers classification, Cephalometric analysis, Dravidian population, Horizontal subtypes, Vertical subtypes, Orthodontic diagnosis.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST AND FUNDING

Nil

How to cite this article: Rishika Singla, Ravindra Kumar Jain, Swati Singh. Prevalence of Moyer’s Class II malocclusion Subtypes in Dravidian Population: A Cephalometric Study. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2026; 17 (1): 27-38.

Doi: 10.56501/Intjorthodrehabil.171.ijor0077

Original Research

Year : 2024 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 2 | Page : 37-47

Comparison Of Prescription Accuracy Of Commercially Available Molar Tubes Using A Custom Made Device - An Invitro Study

Swati Singh1, Arya S Prasad1

1-Post Graduate, 2-Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, 600077, India.

Address for Correspondence:

DrArya S Prasad Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai

Email:aryasprasad7@gmail.com

Phone No:+919003142666

Abstract

Objective : The aim of this in vitro study was to verify the accuracy of torque prescription in the buccal tubes of three commercially available molar bands using Play and Torque Measuring device and to quantify the amount of torsional play present in them.

Materials and Methods: A total of thirty preformed bands with 0.022 slot and McLaughlin-Bennett-Trevisi prescription were selected equally from three different brands for this cross-sectional in-vitro analytical study. The torsional play and torque of the molar bands were measured using the PTM device. The play and torque values obtained using the PTM device were used to calculate the play and torque using a formula. The play and torque values were measured for all the three groups. The mean values of play and torque obtained between three groups were measured using  One-way ANOVA.

Results: All three groups had variations in the torque and play that were above the standard torque and play values. There was a statistically significant difference in the play and torque values between all the groups  evaluated.

Conclusions : Orthodontists should be aware of the inherent manufacturing defects in the bands as this can prevent the achievement of ideal treatment results. This simple method can help us in determining the torque and play of the molar bands giving us better control over treatment mechanics.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

None.

SOURCE OF FUNDING

No external source offending was as the study was self-funded.

How to Cite this Article: Singh, S., & Arya S Prasad. (2024). Comparison Of Prescription Accuracy Of Commercially Available Molar Tubes Using A Custom Made Device - An Invitro Study: Original Research. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 15(2), 37–47. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v15i2.1076