Original Research

Year : 2025 | Volume : 16 | Issue : 4 | Page : 1-13

Antimicrobial Potential Of Pycnogenol® Coated Orthodontic Modules Against Oral Pathogens: An Invitro Study

Divya Devraj,1 Ratna Parameswaran,2 Monikaa Marappan,1 Seerab Husain,3

1-Postgraduate Resident, 2-Professor, 3-Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Address for Correspondence:

Dr. Ratna Parameswaran

Department of Orthodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital

Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University)

Alapakkam Main Road, Chennai – 600 095

Tamil Nadu, India

Email ID: drratna.ortho@madch.edu.in

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Fixed orthodontic treatment increases the oral microbial count, leading to a series of oral health problem. Incorporating products containing antimicrobial effects into the orthodontic materials reduces the escalation of harmful effects of these pathogens. Pycnogenol ®, an extract from the bark of French pine tree (Pinus pinaster Aiton) is a major constituent of over 1000 dietary supplements and variety of other products worldwide, used for treating various illness. However, its potential in orthodontics remains to be explored.

Materials and Methods: Pycnogenol ® extract was prepared and coated onto the orthodontic modules. Drug loading and drug release kinetics was studied using UV visual spectrometry. The coated modules were subjected to antimicrobial testing against common oral pathogens. SEM imaging was done to analyse the surface coating of the orthodontic modules.

Results: The antimicrobial activity for S. mutans, E. coli, and S. aureus were studied at 1, 8, and 24 hours. The mean rank obtained from MIC showed that there is a highly significant difference between the bacterial groups in all the time duration. Direct agar diffusion test showed profound zone of inhibition of 20 mm for S. mutans. Additionally, Pycnogenol ® coated modules also demonstrates antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus.

Conclusion: Increased microbial adhesion to orthodontic appliances and modules causes a sequelae of oral health problems. Pycnogenol® is a potent antioxidant possessing antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. The study exhibits the release of the Pycnogenol® from the modules after coating and the coated modules also demonstrate antimicrobial activity.

Keywords: Fixed Orthodontic Appliances, Pycnogenol, antioxidant, reactive oxygen species, ROS, Antimicrobial, Oral Pathogens, Modules.

FUNDING

This study was funded by Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai. Ref: MADC/IEC/041/2021

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest in this study.

How to cite this article: Divya Devraj, Ratna Parameswaran, Monikaa Marappan, Seerab Husain. Antimicrobial Potential Of Pycnogenol® Coated Orthodontic Modules Against Oral Pathogens: An Invitro Study. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2025; 16 (4): 1-13.

Original Article

Year : 2023 | Volume : 14 | Issue : 2 | Page : 1-16

A Quantitative Analysis for Effect of Orthodontic Treatment on Body Posture and Its Correlation With Cervical Posture in Skeletal Class II Malocclusion – A Clinical Study

Priyanka Venkatasubramanian1, Ratna Parameswaran2 Devaki Vijayalakshmi 3

1 Postgraduate, 2Professor, 3Professor and Head, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education & Research, Maduravoyal, Chennai.

Address for Correspondence

Priyanka Venkatasubramanian

Postgraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, MAHER Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education & Research.

Abstract

AIM: To quantitatively evaluate and compare the body posture and its correlation with cervical posture and plantar pressure in subjects with skeletal class II malocclusion, before and after camouflage orthodontic treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 18 subjects were considered for the study and subjected to lateral cephalograms and body posture analysis before and after camouflage orthodontic treatment. Cranio-cervical angles were compared before and after treatment using paired T test. A force platform was designed to accommodate the feet with pressure sensors placed at hallux, first metatarsal and medial calcaneus regions to record the loading pressure. The plantar pressure distribution values were correlated with the cranio-cervical angles.

RESULTS: There is statistically significant difference (p value <0.05) in the ANB angle, GoGn/OPT angle between pre and post camouflage orthodontic therapy indicating over extension of the head over the spinal column. Post treatment Pearson correlation coefficient indicates that the cervical curvature (OPT/CVT angle) has a negative correlation with the plantar pressure at medial calcaneus region. However, high statistical significance was found in the plantar pressure distribution before and after orthodontic treatment at all three regions.

CONCLUSION: Cervical curvature increased after camouflage orthodontic therapy, indicating over extension of the cervical spine. Plantar pressure reduced in the hallux, first metatarsal and medial calcaneus regions. The recorded value at the hallux region elicited considerable reduction indicating a shift in the plantar pressure from the most anterior region to the central region.

KEYWORDS: Posture; orthodontic treatment; Plantar pressure; Occlusion.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors have no conflict of interests to declare.

SOURCE OF FUNDING

Nil

How to cite this Article: Venkatasubramanian, P., Parameswaran, R., & Vijayalakshmi, D. (2023). A Quantitative Analysis for Effect of Orthodontic Treatment on Body Posture and Its Correlation With Cervical Posture in Skeletal Class II Malocclusion – A Clinical Study: Original Article. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 14(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v14i2.565

Case Report

Year : 2023 | Volume : 14 | Issue : 1 | Page : 1-17

“Surgery First Approach” - Skeletal Class II Correction Combined with Temporary Anchorage Device — Case Report

Ratna Parameswaran 1 , Christy John Parappallil 2 , Sanjay Sundararajan 3 , Ahana S Rajan 4 , Anantanarayanan Parameswaran 5

1Professor,3,4Post Graduate, Dept of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education & Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Chennai. 2Private Practitioner, 5Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education & Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Chennai.

Address for Correspondence

Dr. Ratna Parameswaran, M.D.S.

Professor, Dept of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College (MADC), Maduravoyal Chennai-600095, Tamil Nadu, India.

Mob- +919940675785

E-mail: drratna.ortho@madch.edu.in

ABSTRACT

“Surgery First Approach” (SFA) is a growing trend that provides an immediate facial change. The SFA protocol utilizes the dentoalveolar compensations as an advantage to effect immediate facial changes, which in conjunction with the Regional AcceleratoryPhenomenon enhances the tooth movementthereby reducing the total treatment duration. The post-surgical orthodontic phase is often complicated by rapid accelerated tooth movement producing a non-predictable nature of tooth movements. With the combined application of temporary anchorage devices these movements are made predictable in three dimensions. This case report illustrates the treatment of a skeletal Class II patient with a combination of the SFA protocol and TAD-aided orthodontic treatment. A 19- year-old female presented with proclined upper anteriors and retrusive lower jaw. Clinical examination revealed a severe lip incompetency, mandibular deficiency, Class II skeletal malocclusion, severe bimaxillary incisor proclination, severely crowded mandibular arch on a low mandibular plane angle. The SFA protocol involving BSSO advancement and genioplasty was performed, followed by an orthodontic phase involving TADs. The total treatment time was 14 months, following which excellent facial change and stable occlusion was achieved. A three year follow up is also presented.

KEYWORDS - Surgery First Approach, Temporary Anchorage Devices, Orthognathics, Rapid Acceleratory Phenomenon, Class II Skeletal Malocclusion, Case Report.

SOURCE OF FUNDING

Not applicable.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors have no conflict of interests to declare

How to Cite this Article: Parameswaran, R., John Parappallil, C., Sundararajan, S., S Rajan, A., & Parameswaran, A. (2023). “Surgery First Approach” for Skeletal Class II Correction Combined With Temporary Anchorage Device. : Case Report. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 14(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v14i1.644

Case Report

Year : 2022 | Volume : 13 | Issue : 4 | Page : 25-38

ENHANCING SMILE ESTHETICS IN A PATIENT WITH VERTICAL MAXILLARY EXCESS BY TOTAL MAXILLARY ARCH INTRUSION USING TEMPORARY SKELETAL ANCHORAGE SYSTEM

Manoj R Sekar1 , Ratna Parameswaran2 , Balaji Rajkumar3 , Srinivasan Boovaraghavan4 , Devaki Vijayalakshmi5 .

1Post Graduate, 2&4 Professor, 3 Assistant Professor, 5 Professor and Head, Department of Orthodontics, Meenakshi Ammal dental college and hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Address for Correspondence

Manoj R Sekar

Post-graduate, Department of Orthodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai

Abstract

Smile esthetics is a prime concern in contemporary orthodontic therapy. This case report is about a growing female patient with the inability to close the lips, vertical maxillary excess and hyperdivergent class II skeletal pattern. To enhance skeletal therapy benefits , differential intrusion of segments in the upper arch was required. Bilateral Bollard type miniplates were inserted on the infrazygomatic crest . The technique employed helped this patient avoid orthognathic surgery by allowing a complete upper arch intrusion, treating lip incompetence and causing counterclockwise movement of the mandible.

Financial support and sponsorship:

Nil

Conflicts of interest:

There are no conflicts of interest.

How to cite this article : Sekar, M. R., Parameswaran, R., Rajkumar, D., Boovaraghavan, D. S., & Vijayalakshmi, D. D. . (2022). ENHANCING SMILE ESTHETICS IN A PATIENT WITH VERTICAL MAXILLARY EXCESS BY TOTAL MAXILLARY ARCH INTRUSION USING TEMPORARY SKELETAL ANCHORAGE SYSTEM: TSAD-assisted VME correction- A Case Report. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 13(4), 25–38. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v13i4.614