Review Article
Year : 2025 | Volume : 16 | Issue : 3 | Page : 17-34
Long-Term Evaluation of White Spot Lesion Treatment with Resin Infiltration in Orthodontic Subjects- A Systematic Review And Meta- Analysis
Daphane Anishya1, Ravindra Kumar Jain2, Arthi Balasubramaniam3
1-Post Graduate Resident, 2-Professor and Head, Department of Orthodontics, 3-Associate Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai-600 077, India
Address for Correspondence:
Dr Ravindra Kumar Jain
Professor and Head,
Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals,
Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences,
Chennai, India.
E-mail: ravindrakumar@saveetha.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Resin infiltration (RI) has been used to treat white spot lesions (WSLs) and minimize caries development. The non-cavitatedinitial carious lesions can be filled with resin to prevent further caries progression. Long-term effects of RI have been reported but there is a need to systematically review the literature.
Aim and objectives: To systematically search, collate, and assess the literature on treatment effectiveness and stability with RI technique for the management of WSLs in orthodontic patients over a six to twenty-four-month follow-up period.
Materials and methods: A literature search was performed from January 2019 to December 2023 in four electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane library, Google Scholar and Scopus). Studies including patients with permanent dentition treated for WSLs during or after orthodontic treatment, with at least 6 months of follow-up were only included in the review. Risk of bias assessment was done using the Cochrane ROB-2 tool forrandomized clinical trials (RCTs) and the ROBINS-I tool for non- RCTs. GRADE assessment was done for the certainty of evidence of the included studies. A random effects model was used to perform the meta-analysis of the color change and area of lesion regression.
Results: Eight studies including six RCTs and two non- RCTs were included. Treatment with RI showed significant lesion area regressionand negligible color change over 6-24 months. The meta-analysis showed no significant difference in lesion area between RI and CPP-ACP at 12 months(effect size z = 1.42), and a significant improvement in color change at 6 months (effect size z=4.38, favoring RI over micro abrasion, with no heterogeneity. (I2 = 0%).
Conclusion: This systematic review based on strong evidence reports that RI is an effective treatment for WSLs, with significant improvement in color and lesion area regression. Moreover, its effectiveness was maintained over six months, hence it is stable and long-lasting.
Keywords: Composite Resins, Tooth Demineralization, Orthodontics, Treatment Outcome, Follow- Up Studies, color change, lesion regression, mask.
DECLARATION OF CONFLICTING INTERESTS
No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed by the author(s).
ETHICAL APPROVAL
Not applicable.
FUNDINGS
No fundings was given.
How to cite this article: Daphane Anishya, Ravindra Kumar Jain, Arthi Balasubramaniam. Long-Term Evaluation of White Spot Lesion Treatment with Resin Infiltration in Orthodontic Subjects- A Systematic Review And Meta- Analysis. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2025; 16 (3): 17-34.
